upstream/oracle/userland-gate: comparison components/timezone/europe

equal deleted inserted replaced

-:18a91720f866
+:68f0a63eb0c1
 #	<a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HISTHV.htm">
 #	History of Summer Time
 #	</a> (1998-09-21, in Portuguese)
 #
-# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table;
+# I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table;
 # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
 # Corrections are welcome!
 #                   std dst  2dst
 #                   LMT           Local Mean Time
 #       -4:00       AST ADT       Atlantic
 # On 17 Jan 1994 the Independent, a UK quality newspaper, had a piece about
 # historical vistas along the Thames in west London. There was a photo
 # and a sketch map showing some of the sightlines involved. One paragraph
 # of the text said:
 #
-# `An old stone obelisk marking a forgotten terrestrial meridian stands
+# 'An old stone obelisk marking a forgotten terrestrial meridian stands
 # beside the river at Kew. In the 18th century, before time and longitude
 # was standardised by the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, scholars observed
 # this stone and the movement of stars from Kew Observatory nearby. They
 # made their calculations and set the time for the Horse Guards and Parliament,
 # but now the stone is obscured by scrubwood and can only be seen by walking
 # about Dublin, so we use 1880-08-02, the legal transition time.
 # From Paul Eggert (2003-09-27):
 # Summer Time was first seriously proposed by William Willett (1857-1915),
 # a London builder and member of the Royal Astronomical Society
-# who circulated a pamphlet ``The Waste of Daylight'' (1907)
+# who circulated a pamphlet "The Waste of Daylight" (1907)
 # that proposed advancing clocks 20 minutes on each of four Sundays in April,
 # and retarding them by the same amount on four Sundays in September.
 # A bill was drafted in 1909 and introduced in Parliament several times,
 # but it met with ridicule and opposition, especially from farming interests.
 # Later editions of the pamphlet proposed one-hour summer time, and
 #	-- <a href="http://www.winstonchurchill.org/fh114willett.htm">
 #	"A Silent Toast to William Willett", Pictorial Weekly
 #	</a>
 # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
-# The OED Supplement says that the English originally said ``Daylight Saving''
+# The OED Supplement says that the English originally said "Daylight Saving"
 # when they were debating the adoption of DST in 1908; but by 1916 this
 # term appears only in quotes taken from DST's opponents, whereas the
-# proponents (who eventually won the argument) are quoted as using ``Summer''.
+# proponents (who eventually won the argument) are quoted as using "Summer".
 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-19):
 #
 # A source at the British Information Office in New York avers that it's
 # known as "British" Summer Time in all parts of the United Kingdom.
 # which is to be introduced in May....
 # I cannot think of anything better than "Double British Summer Time"
 # which could not be said to run counter to any official description.
 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
-# Howse writes (p 157) `DBST' too, but `BDST' seems to have been common
+# Howse writes (p 157) 'DBST' too, but 'BDST' seems to have been common
 # and follows the more usual convention of putting the location name first,
-# so we use `BDST'.
+# so we use 'BDST'.
 # Peter Ilieve (1998-04-19) described at length
 # the history of summer time legislation in the United Kingdom.
 # Since 1998 Joseph S. Myers has been updating
 # and extending this list, which can be found in
 # Summer Time Order, 1992 (S.I. 1992/1729)
 # Summer Time Order 1994 (S.I. 1994/2798)
 Rule	GB-Eire 1990	1995	-	Oct	Sun>=22	1:00u	0	GMT
 # Summer Time Order 1997 (S.I. 1997/2982)
 # See EU for rules starting in 1996.
+#
+# Use Europe/London for Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man.
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/London	-0:01:15 -	LMT	1847 Dec  1 0:00s
 			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1968 Oct 27
 			 1:00	-	BST	1971 Oct 31 2:00u
 			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1944 Sep  3
 			1:00	Belgium	CE%sT	1977
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
 # Bosnia and Herzegovina
-# see Serbia
+# See Europe/Belgrade.
 # Bulgaria
 #
 # From Plamen Simenov via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09):
 # A document of Government of Bulgaria (No.94/1997) says:
 			2:00	C-Eur	EE%sT	1991
 			2:00	E-Eur	EE%sT	1997
 			2:00	EU	EE%sT
 # Croatia
-# see Serbia
+# See Europe/Belgrade.
 # Cyprus
-# Please see the `asia' file for Asia/Nicosia.
+# Please see the 'asia' file for Asia/Nicosia.
 # Czech Republic
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Czech	1945	only	-	Apr	 8	2:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Czech	1945	only	-	Nov	18	2:00s	0	-
 Zone	Europe/Prague	0:57:44 -	LMT	1850
 			0:57:44	-	PMT	1891 Oct     # Prague Mean Time
 			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1944 Sep 17 2:00s
 			1:00	Czech	CE%sT	1979
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
+# Use Europe/Prague also for Slovakia.
 # Denmark, Faroe Islands, and Greenland
 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-04-26):
 # http://www.hum.aau.dk/~poe/tid/tine/DanskTid.htm says that the law
 # a regulation of the Government of Estonia, No. 111 of 1989....
 #
 # From Peter Ilieve (1996-10-28):
 # [IATA SSIM (1992/1996) claims that the Baltic republics switch at 01:00s,
 # but a relative confirms that Estonia still switches at 02:00s, writing:]
-# ``I do not [know] exactly but there are some little different
+# "I do not [know] exactly but there are some little different
 # (confusing) rules for International Air and Railway Transport Schedules
 # conversion in Sunday connected with end of summer time in Estonia....
 # A discussion is running about the summer time efficiency and effect on
 # human physiology.  It seems that Estonia maybe will not change to
-# summer time next spring.''
+# summer time next spring."
 # From Peter Ilieve (1998-11-04), heavily edited:
 # <a href="http://trip.rk.ee/cgi-bin/thw?${BASE}=akt&${OOHTML}=rtd&TA=1998&TO=1&AN=1390">
 # The 1998-09-22 Estonian time law
 # </a>
 # From Hannu Strang (1994-09-25 06:03:37 UTC):
 # Well, here in Helsinki we're just changing from summer time to regular one,
 # and it's supposed to change at 4am...
-# From Janne Snabb (2010-0715):
+# From Janne Snabb (2010-07-15):
 #
 # I noticed that the Finland data is not accurate for years 1981 and 1982.
 # During these two first trial years the DST adjustment was made one hour
 # earlier than in forthcoming years. Starting 1983 the adjustment was made
 # according to the central European standards.
 # Francoise Gauquelin, Problemes de l'heure resolus en astrologie,
 # Guy tredaniel, Paris 1987
 #
-# Shank & Pottenger seem to use `24:00' ambiguously; resolve it with Whitman.
+# Shank & Pottenger seem to use '24:00' ambiguously; resolve it with Whitman.
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	France	1916	only	-	Jun	14	23:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	France	1916	1919	-	Oct	Sun>=1	23:00s	0	-
 Rule	France	1917	only	-	Mar	24	23:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	France	1918	only	-	Mar	 9	23:00s	1:00	S
 # For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks & Pottenger, Whitman, and
 # F. Pollastri
 # <a href="http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/uk/ienitlt.html">
 # Day-light Saving Time in Italy (2006-02-03)
 # </a>
-# (`FP' below), taken from an Italian National Electrotechnical Institute
+# ('FP' below), taken from an Italian National Electrotechnical Institute
 # publication. When the three sources disagree, guess who's right, as follows:
 #
 # year	FP	Shanks&P. (S)	Whitman (W)	Go with:
 # 1916	06-03	06-03 24:00	06-03 00:00	FP & W
 #	09-30	09-30 24:00	09-30 01:00	FP; guess 24:00s
 			2:00	EU	EE%sT	2000 Feb 29
 			2:00	-	EET	2001 Jan  2
 			2:00	EU	EE%sT
 # Liechtenstein
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Europe/Vaduz	0:38:04 -	LMT	1894 Jun
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-09):
-			1:00	-	CET	1981
+# Shanks & Pottenger say Vaduz is like Zurich.
-			1:00	EU	CE%sT
+# From Alois Treindl (2013-09-18):
+# http://www.eliechtensteinensia.li/LIJ/1978/1938-1978/1941.pdf
+# ... confirms on p. 6 that Liechtenstein followed Switzerland in 1941 and 1942.
+# I ... translate only the last two paragraphs:
+#    ... during second world war, in the years 1941 and 1942, Liechtenstein
+#    introduced daylight saving time, adapting to Switzerland.  From 1943 on
+#    central European time was in force throughout the year.
+#    From a report of the duke's government to the high council,
+#    regarding the introduction of a time law, of 31 May 1977.
+Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Vaduz
 # Lithuania
 # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
 # IATA SSIM (1992/1996) says Lithuania uses W-Eur rules, but since it is
 			1:00	C-Eur	WE%sT	1944 Sep 18 3:00
 			1:00	Belgium	CE%sT	1977
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
 # Macedonia
-# see Serbia
+# See Europe/Belgrade.
 # Malta
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Malta	1973	only	-	Mar	31	0:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Malta	1973	only	-	Sep	29	0:00s	0	-
 			0:00	France	WE%sT	1945 Sep 16 3:00
 			1:00	France	CE%sT	1977
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
 # Montenegro
-# see Serbia
+# See Europe/Belgrade.
 # Netherlands
 # Howse writes that the Netherlands' railways used GMT between 1892 and 1940,
 # but for other purposes the Netherlands used Amsterdam mean time.
 # Norwegian meteorologists and maybe used the same time as Norway ever
 # since 1921.  Svalbard (Arctic/Longyearbyen) has been inhabited since
 # before 1895, and therefore probably changed the local time somewhere
 # between 1895 and 1925 (inclusive).
-# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-01):
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-04):
 #
 # Actually, Jan Mayen was never occupied by Germany during World War II,
 # so it must have diverged from Oslo time during the war, as Oslo was
 # keeping Berlin time.
 #
 # <http://home.no.net/janmayen/history.htm> says that the meteorologists
 # burned down their station in 1940 and left the island, but returned in
 # 1941 with a small Norwegian garrison and continued operations despite
 # frequent air ttacks from Germans.  In 1943 the Americans established a
 # radiolocating station on the island, called "Atlantic City".  Possibly
-# the UTC offset changed during the war, but I think it unlikely that
+# the UT offset changed during the war, but I think it unlikely that
 # Jan Mayen used German daylight-saving rules.
 #
 # Svalbard is more complicated, as it was raided in August 1941 by an
 # Allied party that evacuated the civilian population to England (says
 # <http://www.bartleby.com/65/sv/Svalbard.html>).  The Svalbard FAQ
 # and according to Wilhelm Dege's book "War North of 80" (1954)
 # <http://www.ucalgary.ca/UofC/departments/UP/1-55238/1-55238-110-2.html>
 # the German armed forces at the Svalbard weather station code-named
 # Haudegen did not surrender to the Allies until September 1945.
 #
-# All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970.  Unless we can
+# All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Oslo
-# come up with more definitive info about the timekeeping during the
+# for these regions.
-# war years it's probably best just do...the following for now:
 Link	Europe/Oslo	Arctic/Longyearbyen
 # Poland
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Poland	1918	1919	-	Sep	16	2:00s	0	-
 # I do not know why they have decided to make this change;
 # as far as I remember it was done exactly during winter->summer switching
 # so we (Novosibirsk) simply did not switch.
 #
 # From Andrey A. Chernov (1996-10-04):
-# `MSK' and `MSD' were born and used initially on Moscow computers with
+# 'MSK' and 'MSD' were born and used initially on Moscow computers with
 # UNIX-like OSes by several developer groups (e.g. Demos group, Kiae group)....
 # The next step was the UUCP network, the Relcom predecessor
 # (used mainly for mail), and MSK/MSD was actively used there.
 #
 # From Chris Carrier (1996-10-30):
 			11:00	Russia	ANA%sT	1992 Jan 19 2:00s
 			12:00	Russia	ANA%sT	2010 Mar 28 2:00s
 			11:00	Russia	ANA%sT	2011 Mar 27 2:00s
 			12:00	-	ANAT
+# San Marino
+# See Europe/Rome.
 # Serbia
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Belgrade	1:22:00	-	LMT	1884
 			1:00	-	CET	1941 Apr 18 23:00
 			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1945
 # Slovakia
 Link Europe/Prague Europe/Bratislava
 # Slovenia
-# see Serbia
+# See Europe/Belgrade.
 # Spain
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 # For 1917-1919 Whitman gives Apr Sat>=1 - Oct Sat>=1;
 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
 # From Howse:
 # By the end of the 18th century clocks and watches became commonplace
 # and their performance improved enormously.  Communities began to keep
 # mean time in preference to apparent time -- Geneva from 1780 ....
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-# From Whitman (who writes ``Midnight?''):
+# From Whitman (who writes "Midnight?"):
 # Rule	Swiss	1940	only	-	Nov	 2	0:00	1:00	S
 # Rule	Swiss	1940	only	-	Dec	31	0:00	0	-
 # From Shanks & Pottenger:
 # Rule	Swiss	1941	1942	-	May	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	S
 # Rule	Swiss	1941	1942	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	0	-
 # Rule  Swiss   1941    1942    -       Oct     Mon>=1  2:00    0       -
 #
 # The 1940 rules must be deleted.
 #
 # One further detail for Switzerland, which is probably out of scope for
-# most users of tzdata:
+# most users of tzdata: The [Europe/Zurich zone] ...
-# The zone file
-# Zone    Europe/Zurich   0:34:08 -       LMT     1848 Sep 12
-#                          0:29:44 -       BMT     1894 Jun #Bern Mean Time
-#                          1:00    Swiss   CE%sT   1981
-#                          1:00    EU      CE%sT
 # describes all of Switzerland correctly, with the exception of
 # the Cantone Geneve (Geneva, Genf). Between 1848 and 1894 Geneve did not
 # follow Bern Mean Time but kept its own local mean time.
 # To represent this, an extra zone would be needed.
+#
+# From Alois Treindl (2013-09-11):
+# The Federal regulations say
+# http://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20071096/index.html
+# ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7 degrees 26'22.50".
+# Expressed in time, it is 0h29m45.5s.
+# From Pierre-Yves Berger (2013-09-11):
+# the "Circulaire du conseil federal" (December 11 1893)
+# <http://www.amtsdruckschriften.bar.admin.ch/viewOrigDoc.do?id=10071353> ...
+# clearly states that the [1894-06-01] change should be done at midnight
+# but if no one is present after 11 at night, could be postponed until one
+# hour before the beginning of service.
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-11):
+# Round BMT to the nearest even second, 0:29:46.
+#
+# We can find no reliable source for Shanks's assertion that all of Switzerland
+# except Geneva switched to Bern Mean Time at 00:00 on 1848-09-12.  This book:
+#
+#	Jakob Messerli. Gleichmassig, punktlich, schnell: Zeiteinteilung und
+#	Zeitgebrauch in der Schweiz im 19. Jahrhundert. Chronos, Zurich 1995,
+#	ISBN 3-905311-68-2, OCLC 717570797.
+#
+# suggests that the transition was more gradual, and that the Swiss did not
+# agree about civil time during the transition.  The timekeeping it gives the
+# most detail for is postal and telegraph time: here, federal legislation (the
+# "Bundesgesetz uber die Erstellung von elektrischen Telegraphen") passed on
+# 1851-11-23, and an official implementation notice was published 1853-07-16
+# (Bundesblatt 1853, Bd. II, S. 859).  On p 72 Messerli writes that in
+# practice since July 1853 Bernese time was used in "all postal and telegraph
+# offices in Switzerland from Geneva to St. Gallen and Basel to Chiasso"
+# (Google translation).  For now, model this transition as occurring on
+# 1853-07-16, though it probably occurred at some other date in Zurich, and
+# legal civil time probably changed at still some other transition date.
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Swiss	1941	1942	-	May	Mon>=1	1:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Swiss	1941	1942	-	Oct	Mon>=1	2:00	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Europe/Zurich	0:34:08 -	LMT	1848 Sep 12
+Zone	Europe/Zurich	0:34:08 -	LMT	1853 Jul 16 # See above comment.
-			0:29:44	-	BMT	1894 Jun # Bern Mean Time
+			0:29:46	-	BMT	1894 Jun # Bern Mean Time
 			1:00	Swiss	CE%sT	1981
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
 # Turkey
 # From G&ouml;kdeniz Karada&#x011f; (2011-03-10):
 #
 # According to the articles linked below, Turkey will change into summer
 # time zone (GMT+3) on March 28, 2011 at 3:00 a.m. instead of March 27.
 # This change is due to a nationwide exam on 27th.
-#
-# <a href="http://www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=70872">
 # http://www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=70872
-# </a>
 # Turkish:
-# <a href="http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/ekonomi/17230464.asp?gid=373">
 # http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/ekonomi/17230464.asp?gid=373
-# </a>
+# From Faruk Pasin (2014-02-14):
+# The DST for Turkey has been changed for this year because of the
+# Turkish Local election....
+# http://www.sabah.com.tr/Ekonomi/2014/02/12/yaz-saatinde-onemli-degisiklik
+# ... so Turkey will move clocks forward one hour on March 31 at 3:00 a.m.
+# From Paul Eggert (2014-02-17):
+# Here is an English-language source:
+# http://www.worldbulletin.net/turkey/129016/turkey-switches-to-daylight-saving-time-march-31
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Turkey	1916	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Turkey	1916	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Turkey	1920	only	-	Mar	28	0:00	1:00	S
 			2:00	Turkey	EE%sT	1978 Oct 15
 			3:00	Turkey	TR%sT	1985 Apr 20 # Turkey Time
 			2:00	Turkey	EE%sT	2007
 			2:00	EU	EE%sT	2011 Mar 27 1:00u
 			2:00	-	EET	2011 Mar 28 1:00u
+			2:00	EU	EE%sT	2014 Mar 30 1:00u
+			2:00	-	EET	2014 Mar 31 1:00u
 			2:00	EU	EE%sT
 Link	Europe/Istanbul	Asia/Istanbul	# Istanbul is in both continents.
 # Ukraine
 #
 #
 # Bill number 8330 of MP from the Party of Regions Oleg Nadoshi got
 # approval from 266 deputies.
 #
 # Ukraine abolishes transter back to the winter time (in Russian)
-# <a href="http://news.mail.ru/politics/6861560/">
 # http://news.mail.ru/politics/6861560/
-# </a>
 #
 # The Ukrainians will no longer change the clock (in Russian)
-# <a href="http://www.segodnya.ua/news/14290482.html">
 # http://www.segodnya.ua/news/14290482.html
-# </a>
 #
 # Deputies cancelled the winter time (in Russian)
-# <a href="http://www.pravda.com.ua/rus/news/2011/09/20/6600616/">
 # http://www.pravda.com.ua/rus/news/2011/09/20/6600616/
-# </a>
 #
 # From Philip Pizzey (2011-10-18):
 # Today my Ukrainian colleagues have informed me that the
 # Ukrainian parliament have decided that they will go to winter
 # time this year after all.
 #
 # From Udo Schwedt (2011-10-18):
 # As far as I understand, the recent change to the Ukrainian time zone
 # (Europe/Kiev) to introduce permanent daylight saving time (similar
 # to Russia) was reverted today:
-#
-# <a href="http://portal.rada.gov.ua/rada/control/en/publish/article/info_left?art_id=287324&cat_id=105995">
 # http://portal.rada.gov.ua/rada/control/en/publish/article/info_left?art_id=287324&cat_id=105995
-# </a>
 #
 # Also reported by Alexander Bokovoy (2011-10-18) who also noted:
 # The law documents themselves are at
-#
-# <a href="http://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/zweb_n/webproc4_1?id=&pf3511=41484">
 # http://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/zweb_n/webproc4_1?id=&pf3511=41484
-# </a>
+# From Vladimir in Moscow via Alois Treindl re Kiev time 1991/2 (2014-02-28):
+# First in Ukraine they changed Time zone from UTC+3 to UTC+2 with DST:
+#       03 25 1990 02:00 -03.00 1       Time Zone 3 with DST
+#       07 01 1990 02:00 -02.00 1       Time Zone 2 with DST
+# * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 18.06.1990, No. 134.
+# http://search.ligazakon.ua/l_doc2.nsf/link1/T001500.html
+#
+# They did not end DST in September, 1990 (according to the law,
+# "summer time" was still in action):
+#       09 30 1990 03:00 -02.00 1       Time Zone 2 with DST
+# * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 21.09.1990, No. 272.
+# http://search.ligazakon.ua/l_doc2.nsf/link1/KP900272.html
+#
+# Again no change in March, 1991 ("summer time" in action):
+#       03 31 1991 02:00 -02.00 1       Time Zone 2 with DST
+#
+# DST ended in September 1991 ("summer time" ended):
+#       09 29 1991 03:00 -02.00 0       Time Zone 2, no DST
+# * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 25.09.1991, No. 225.
+# http://www.uazakon.com/documents/date_21/pg_iwgdoc.htm
+# This is an answer.
+#
+# Since 1992 they had normal DST procedure:
+#       03 29 1992 02:00 -02.00 1       DST started
+#       09 27 1992 03:00 -02.00 0       DST ended
+# * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 20.03.1992, No. 139.
+# http://www.uazakon.com/documents/date_8u/pg_grcasa.htm
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 # Most of Ukraine since 1970 has been like Kiev.
 # "Kyiv" is the transliteration of the Ukrainian name, but
 # "Kiev" is more common in English.
 Zone Europe/Kiev	2:02:04 -	LMT	1880
 			2:02:04	-	KMT	1924 May  2 # Kiev Mean Time
 			2:00	-	EET	1930 Jun 21
 			3:00	-	MSK	1941 Sep 20
 			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1943 Nov  6
-			3:00	Russia	MSK/MSD	1990
+			3:00	Russia	MSK/MSD	1990 Jul  1 2:00
-			3:00	-	MSK	1990 Jul  1 2:00
+			2:00	1:00	EEST	1991 Sep 29 3:00
-			2:00	-	EET	1992
 			2:00	E-Eur	EE%sT	1995
 			2:00	EU	EE%sT
 # Ruthenia used CET 1990/1991.
 # "Uzhhorod" is the transliteration of the Ukrainian name, but
 # "Uzhgorod" is more common in English.
 			3:00	-	MSK	1990 Jul  1 2:00
 			2:00	-	EET	1992
 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
 # The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reports that central Crimea switched
 # from Kiev to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections.
-# Shanks (1999) says ``date of change uncertain'', but implies that it happened
+# Shanks (1999) says "date of change uncertain", but implies that it happened
 # sometime between the 1994 DST switches.  Shanks & Pottenger simply say
 # 1994-09-25 03:00, but that can't be right.  For now, guess it
 # changed in May.
 			2:00	E-Eur	EE%sT	1994 May
 # From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also says that Kerch is still like Kiev.
 			3:00	1:00	MSD	1996 Oct 27 3:00s
 # IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Crimea switched to EET/EEST.
 # Assume it happened in March by not changing the clocks.
 			3:00	Russia	MSK/MSD	1997
 			3:00	-	MSK	1997 Mar lastSun 1:00u
-			2:00	EU	EE%sT
+# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-03-17):
+# time change at 2:00 (2am) on March 30, 2014
+# http://vz.ru/news/2014/3/17/677464.html
+			2:00	EU	EE%sT	2014 Mar 30 2:00
+			4:00	-	MSK
+# Vatican City
+# See Europe/Rome.
 ###############################################################################
 # One source shows that Bulgaria, Cyprus, Finland, and Greece observe DST from
 # the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in September in 1986.

branch	s11-update
changeset 3079	68f0a63eb0c1
parent 2882	09270bc18a9e
child 1910	026a5463a71b