GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 

Version 2, June 1991 

Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 

59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA 

Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 

of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 

Preamble 

The licenses for most software are designed to take away your 

freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public 

License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free 

software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This 

General Public License applies to most of the Free Software 

Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to 

using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by 

the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to 

your programs, too. 

When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not 

price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you 

have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for 

this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it 

if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it 

in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. 

To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid 

anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. 

These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you 

distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it. 

For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether 

gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that 

you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the 

source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their 

rights. 

We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and 

(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, 

distribute and/or modify the software. 

Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain 

that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free 

software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we 

want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so 

that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original 

authors' reputations. 

Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software 

patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free 

program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the 

program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any 

patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. 

The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and 

modification follow. 

GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 

TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 

0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains 

a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed 

under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, 

refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" 

means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: 

that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, 

either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another 

language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in 

the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you". 

Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not 

covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of 

running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program 

is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the 

Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). 

Whether that is true depends on what the Program does. 

1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's 

source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you 

conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate 

copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the 

notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; 

and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License 

along with the Program. 

You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and 

you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. 

2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion 

of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and 

distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 

above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: 

a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices 

stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. 

b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in 

whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any 

part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third 

parties under the terms of this License. 

c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively 

when run, you must cause it, when started running for such 

interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an 

announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a 

notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide 

a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under 

these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this 

License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but 

does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on 

the Program is not required to print an announcement.) 

These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If 

identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, 

and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in 

themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those 

sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you 

distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based 

on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of 

this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the 

entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it. 

Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest 

your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to 

exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or 

collective works based on the Program. 

In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program 

with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of 

a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under 

the scope of this License. 

3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, 

under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of 

Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: 

a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable 

source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 

1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, 

b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three 

years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your 

cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete 

machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be 

distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium 

customarily used for software interchange; or, 

c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer 

to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is 

allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you 

received the program in object code or executable form with such 

an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.) 

The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for 

making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source 

code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any 

associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to 

control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a 

special exception, the source code distributed need not include 

anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary 

form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the 

operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component 

itself accompanies the executable. 

If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering 

access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent 

access to copy the source code from the same place counts as 

distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not 

compelled to copy the source along with the object code. 

4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program 

except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt 

otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is 

void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. 

However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under 

this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such 

parties remain in full compliance. 

5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not 

signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or 

distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are 

prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by 

modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the 

Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and 

all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying 

the Program or works based on it. 

6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the 

Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the 

original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to 

these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further 

restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. 

You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to 

this License. 

7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent 

infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), 

conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or 

otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not 

excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot 

distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this 

License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you 

may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent 

license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by 

all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then 

the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to 

refrain entirely from distribution of the Program. 

If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under 

any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to 

apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other 

circumstances. 

It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any 

patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any 

such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the 

integrity of the free software distribution system, which is 

implemented by public license practices. Many people have made 

generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed 

through that system in reliance on consistent application of that 

system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing 

to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot 

impose that choice. 

This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to 

be a consequence of the rest of this License. 

8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in 

certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the 

original copyright holder who places the Program under this License 

may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding 

those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among 

countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates 

the limitation as if written in the body of this License. 

9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions 

of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will 

be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to 

address new problems or concerns. 

Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program 

specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any 

later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions 

either of that version or of any later version published by the Free 

Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of 

this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software 

Foundation. 

10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free 

programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author 

to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free 

Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes 

make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals 

of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and 

of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. 

NO WARRANTY 

11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY 

FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN 

OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES 

PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED 

OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 

MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS 

TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE 

PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, 

REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 

12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING 

WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR 

REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, 

INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING 

OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED 

TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY 

YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER 

PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE 

POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. 

END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 

How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs 

If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest 

possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it 

free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. 

To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest 

to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 

convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 

the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 

<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.> 

Copyright (C) <year> <name of author> 

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 

it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 

the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or 

(at your option) any later version. 

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 

but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 

MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 

GNU General Public License for more details. 

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 

along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software 

Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA 

Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 

If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this 

when it starts in an interactive mode: 

Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author 

Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. 

This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 

under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 

The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate 

parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may 

be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be 

mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program. 

You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your 

school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if 

necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: 

Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program 

`Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker. 

<signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989 

Ty Coon, President of Vice 

This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into 

proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may 

consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the 

library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General