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1 # <pre> |
|
2 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of |
1 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of |
3 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. |
2 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. |
4 |
3 |
5 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, |
4 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, |
6 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to |
5 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to |
37 # <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. He writes: |
36 # <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. He writes: |
38 # "It is requested that corrections and additions to these tables |
37 # "It is requested that corrections and additions to these tables |
39 # may be sent to Mr. John Milne, Royal Geographical Society, |
38 # may be sent to Mr. John Milne, Royal Geographical Society, |
40 # Savile Row, London." Nowadays please email them to [email protected]. |
39 # Savile Row, London." Nowadays please email them to [email protected]. |
41 # |
40 # |
42 # Brazil's Departamento Servico da Hora (DSH), |
41 # Brazil's Divisão Serviço da Hora (DSHO), |
43 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HISTHV.htm"> |
|
44 # History of Summer Time |
42 # History of Summer Time |
45 # </a> (1998-09-21, in Portuguese) |
43 # <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HISTHV.htm> |
44 # (1998-09-21, in Portuguese) |
|
46 |
45 |
47 # |
46 # |
48 # I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table; |
47 # I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table; |
49 # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. |
48 # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. |
50 # Corrections are welcome! |
49 # Corrections are welcome! |
59 # 0:19:32.13 AMT NST Amsterdam, Netherlands Summer (1835-1937)* |
58 # 0:19:32.13 AMT NST Amsterdam, Netherlands Summer (1835-1937)* |
60 # 0:20 NET NEST Netherlands (1937-1940)* |
59 # 0:20 NET NEST Netherlands (1937-1940)* |
61 # 1:00 CET CEST CEMT Central Europe |
60 # 1:00 CET CEST CEMT Central Europe |
62 # 1:00:14 SET Swedish (1879-1899)* |
61 # 1:00:14 SET Swedish (1879-1899)* |
63 # 2:00 EET EEST Eastern Europe |
62 # 2:00 EET EEST Eastern Europe |
63 # 3:00 FET Further-eastern Europe* |
|
64 # 3:00 MSK MSD MSM* Moscow |
64 # 3:00 MSK MSD MSM* Moscow |
65 |
65 |
66 # From Peter Ilieve (1994-12-04), |
66 # From Peter Ilieve (1994-12-04), |
67 # The original six [EU members]: Belgium, France, (West) Germany, Italy, |
67 # The original six [EU members]: Belgium, France, (West) Germany, Italy, |
68 # Luxembourg, the Netherlands. |
68 # Luxembourg, the Netherlands. |
103 # made their calculations and set the time for the Horse Guards and Parliament, |
103 # made their calculations and set the time for the Horse Guards and Parliament, |
104 # but now the stone is obscured by scrubwood and can only be seen by walking |
104 # but now the stone is obscured by scrubwood and can only be seen by walking |
105 # along the towpath within a few yards of it.' |
105 # along the towpath within a few yards of it.' |
106 # |
106 # |
107 # I have a one inch to one mile map of London and my estimate of the stone's |
107 # I have a one inch to one mile map of London and my estimate of the stone's |
108 # position is 51 deg. 28' 30" N, 0 deg. 18' 45" W. The longitude should |
108 # position is 51 degrees 28' 30" N, 0 degrees 18' 45" W. The longitude should |
109 # be within about +-2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761. |
109 # be within about +-2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761. |
110 # |
110 # |
111 # [This yields GMTOFF = -0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.] |
111 # [This yields GMTOFF = -0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.] |
112 |
112 |
113 # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18): |
113 # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18): |
135 # |
135 # |
136 # In the tables below, we condense this complicated story into a single |
136 # In the tables below, we condense this complicated story into a single |
137 # transition date for London, namely 1847-12-01. We don't know as much |
137 # transition date for London, namely 1847-12-01. We don't know as much |
138 # about Dublin, so we use 1880-08-02, the legal transition time. |
138 # about Dublin, so we use 1880-08-02, the legal transition time. |
139 |
139 |
140 # From Paul Eggert (2003-09-27): |
140 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-19): |
141 # Summer Time was first seriously proposed by William Willett (1857-1915), |
141 # The ancients had no need for daylight saving, as they kept time |
142 # informally or via hours whose length depended on the time of year. |
|
143 # Daylight saving time in its modern sense was invented by the |
|
144 # New Zealand entomologist George Vernon Hudson (1867-1946), |
|
145 # whose day job as a postal clerk led him to value |
|
146 # after-hours daylight in which to pursue his research. |
|
147 # In 1895 he presented a paper to the Wellington Philosophical Society |
|
148 # that proposed a two-hour daylight-saving shift. See: |
|
149 # Hudson GV. On seasonal time-adjustment in countries south of lat. 30 deg. |
|
150 # Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 1895;28:734 |
|
151 # http://rsnz.natlib.govt.nz/volume/rsnz_28/rsnz_28_00_006110.html |
|
152 # Although some interest was expressed in New Zealand, his proposal |
|
153 # did not find its way into law and eventually it was almost forgotten. |
|
154 # |
|
155 # In England, DST was independently reinvented by William Willett (1857-1915), |
|
142 # a London builder and member of the Royal Astronomical Society |
156 # a London builder and member of the Royal Astronomical Society |
143 # who circulated a pamphlet "The Waste of Daylight" (1907) |
157 # who circulated a pamphlet "The Waste of Daylight" (1907) |
144 # that proposed advancing clocks 20 minutes on each of four Sundays in April, |
158 # that proposed advancing clocks 20 minutes on each of four Sundays in April, |
145 # and retarding them by the same amount on four Sundays in September. |
159 # and retarding them by the same amount on four Sundays in September. |
146 # A bill was drafted in 1909 and introduced in Parliament several times, |
160 # A bill was drafted in 1909 and introduced in Parliament several times, |
149 # it was eventually adopted as a wartime measure in 1916. |
163 # it was eventually adopted as a wartime measure in 1916. |
150 # See: Summer Time Arrives Early, The Times (2000-05-18). |
164 # See: Summer Time Arrives Early, The Times (2000-05-18). |
151 # A monument to Willett was unveiled on 1927-05-21, in an open space in |
165 # A monument to Willett was unveiled on 1927-05-21, in an open space in |
152 # a 45-acre wood near Chislehurst, Kent that was purchased by popular |
166 # a 45-acre wood near Chislehurst, Kent that was purchased by popular |
153 # subscription and open to the public. On the south face of the monolith, |
167 # subscription and open to the public. On the south face of the monolith, |
154 # designed by G. W. Miller, is the...William Willett Memorial Sundial, |
168 # designed by G. W. Miller, is the William Willett Memorial Sundial, |
155 # which is permanently set to Summer Time. |
169 # which is permanently set to Summer Time. |
156 |
170 |
157 # From Winston Churchill (1934-04-28): |
171 # From Winston Churchill (1934-04-28): |
158 # It is one of the paradoxes of history that we should owe the boon of |
172 # It is one of the paradoxes of history that we should owe the boon of |
159 # summer time, which gives every year to the people of this country |
173 # summer time, which gives every year to the people of this country |
160 # between 160 and 170 hours more daylight leisure, to a war which |
174 # between 160 and 170 hours more daylight leisure, to a war which |
161 # plunged Europe into darkness for four years, and shook the |
175 # plunged Europe into darkness for four years, and shook the |
162 # foundations of civilization throughout the world. |
176 # foundations of civilization throughout the world. |
163 # -- <a href="http://www.winstonchurchill.org/fh114willett.htm"> |
177 # <http://www.winstonchurchill.org/images/finesthour/Vol.01%20No.114.pdf> |
164 # "A Silent Toast to William Willett", Pictorial Weekly |
178 # "A Silent Toast to William Willett", Pictorial Weekly |
165 # </a> |
|
166 |
179 |
167 # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): |
180 # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): |
168 # The OED Supplement says that the English originally said "Daylight Saving" |
181 # The OED Supplement says that the English originally said "Daylight Saving" |
169 # when they were debating the adoption of DST in 1908; but by 1916 this |
182 # when they were debating the adoption of DST in 1908; but by 1916 this |
170 # term appears only in quotes taken from DST's opponents, whereas the |
183 # term appears only in quotes taken from DST's opponents, whereas the |
171 # proponents (who eventually won the argument) are quoted as using "Summer". |
184 # proponents (who eventually won the argument) are quoted as using "Summer". |
172 |
185 |
173 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-19): |
186 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-19): |
174 # |
|
175 # A source at the British Information Office in New York avers that it's |
187 # A source at the British Information Office in New York avers that it's |
176 # known as "British" Summer Time in all parts of the United Kingdom. |
188 # known as "British" Summer Time in all parts of the United Kingdom. |
177 |
189 |
178 # Date: 4 Jan 89 08:57:25 GMT (Wed) |
190 # Date: 4 Jan 89 08:57:25 GMT (Wed) |
179 # From: Jonathan Leffler |
191 # From: Jonathan Leffler |
215 # Peter Ilieve (1998-04-19) described at length |
227 # Peter Ilieve (1998-04-19) described at length |
216 # the history of summer time legislation in the United Kingdom. |
228 # the history of summer time legislation in the United Kingdom. |
217 # Since 1998 Joseph S. Myers has been updating |
229 # Since 1998 Joseph S. Myers has been updating |
218 # and extending this list, which can be found in |
230 # and extending this list, which can be found in |
219 # http://student.cusu.cam.ac.uk/~jsm28/british-time/ |
231 # http://student.cusu.cam.ac.uk/~jsm28/british-time/ |
220 # <a href="http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/"> |
|
221 # History of legal time in Britain |
232 # History of legal time in Britain |
222 # </a> |
|
223 # Rob Crowther (2012-01-04) reports that that URL no longer |
|
224 # exists, and the article can now be found at: |
|
225 # <a href="http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/"> |
|
226 # http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ |
233 # http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ |
227 # </a> |
|
228 |
234 |
229 # From Joseph S. Myers (1998-01-06): |
235 # From Joseph S. Myers (1998-01-06): |
230 # |
236 # |
231 # The legal time in the UK outside of summer time is definitely GMT, not UTC; |
237 # The legal time in the UK outside of summer time is definitely GMT, not UTC; |
232 # see Lord Tanlaw's speech |
238 # see Lord Tanlaw's speech |
233 # <a href="http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199697/ldhansrd/pdvn/lds97/text/70611-20.htm#70611-20_head0"> |
239 # <http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199697/ldhansrd/pdvn/lds97/text/70611-20.htm#70611-20_head0> |
234 # (Lords Hansard 11 June 1997 columns 964 to 976) |
240 # (Lords Hansard 11 June 1997 columns 964 to 976). |
235 # </a>. |
|
236 |
241 |
237 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): |
242 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): |
238 # |
243 # |
239 # For lack of other data, follow Shanks & Pottenger for Eire in 1940-1948. |
244 # For lack of other data, follow Shanks & Pottenger for Eire in 1940-1948. |
240 # |
245 # |
270 # |
275 # |
271 # "Timeball on the ballast office is down. Dunsink time." |
276 # "Timeball on the ballast office is down. Dunsink time." |
272 # -- James Joyce, Ulysses |
277 # -- James Joyce, Ulysses |
273 |
278 |
274 # From Joseph S. Myers (2005-01-26): |
279 # From Joseph S. Myers (2005-01-26): |
275 # Irish laws are available online at www.irishstatutebook.ie. These include |
280 # Irish laws are available online at <http://www.irishstatutebook.ie>. |
276 # various relating to legal time, for example: |
281 # These include various relating to legal time, for example: |
277 # |
282 # |
278 # ZZA13Y1923.html ZZA12Y1924.html ZZA8Y1925.html ZZSIV20PG1267.html |
283 # ZZA13Y1923.html ZZA12Y1924.html ZZA8Y1925.html ZZSIV20PG1267.html |
279 # |
284 # |
280 # ZZSI71Y1947.html ZZSI128Y1948.html ZZSI23Y1949.html ZZSI41Y1950.html |
285 # ZZSI71Y1947.html ZZSI128Y1948.html ZZSI23Y1949.html ZZSI41Y1950.html |
281 # ZZSI27Y1951.html ZZSI73Y1952.html |
286 # ZZSI27Y1951.html ZZSI73Y1952.html |
470 Rule EU 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00u 0 - |
475 Rule EU 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00u 0 - |
471 Rule EU 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - |
476 Rule EU 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - |
472 Rule EU 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S |
477 Rule EU 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S |
473 Rule EU 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - |
478 Rule EU 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - |
474 # The most recent directive covers the years starting in 2002. See: |
479 # The most recent directive covers the years starting in 2002. See: |
475 # <a="http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32000L0084:EN:NOT"> |
|
476 # Directive 2000/84/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council |
480 # Directive 2000/84/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council |
477 # of 19 January 2001 on summer-time arrangements. |
481 # of 19 January 2001 on summer-time arrangements. |
478 # </a> |
482 # <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32000L0084:EN:NOT> |
479 |
483 |
480 # W-Eur differs from EU only in that W-Eur uses standard time. |
484 # W-Eur differs from EU only in that W-Eur uses standard time. |
481 Rule W-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S |
485 Rule W-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S |
482 Rule W-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - |
486 Rule W-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - |
483 Rule W-Eur 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00s 0 - |
487 Rule W-Eur 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00s 0 - |
496 Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00s 1:00 S |
500 Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00s 1:00 S |
497 Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00s 0 - |
501 Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00s 0 - |
498 Rule C-Eur 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 S |
502 Rule C-Eur 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 S |
499 # Whitman gives 1944 Oct 7; go with Shanks & Pottenger. |
503 # Whitman gives 1944 Oct 7; go with Shanks & Pottenger. |
500 Rule C-Eur 1944 only - Oct 2 2:00s 0 - |
504 Rule C-Eur 1944 only - Oct 2 2:00s 0 - |
501 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2008-07-13): |
505 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-07-13): |
502 # |
506 # |
503 # I found what is probably a typo of 2:00 which should perhaps be 2:00s |
507 # I found what is probably a typo of 2:00 which should perhaps be 2:00s |
504 # in the C-Eur rule from tz database version 2008d (this part was |
508 # in the C-Eur rule from tz database version 2008d (this part was |
505 # corrected in version 2008d). The circumstancial evidence is simply the |
509 # corrected in version 2008d). The circumstantial evidence is simply the |
506 # tz database itself, as seen below: |
510 # tz database itself, as seen below: |
507 # |
511 # |
508 # Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 |
512 # Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 |
509 # 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 |
513 # 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 |
510 # |
514 # |
582 # According to Kremlin press service, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev |
586 # According to Kremlin press service, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev |
583 # signed a federal law "On calculation of time" on June 9, 2011. |
587 # signed a federal law "On calculation of time" on June 9, 2011. |
584 # According to the law Russia is abolishing daylight saving time. |
588 # According to the law Russia is abolishing daylight saving time. |
585 # |
589 # |
586 # Medvedev signed a law "On the Calculation of Time" (in russian): |
590 # Medvedev signed a law "On the Calculation of Time" (in russian): |
587 # <a href="http://bmockbe.ru/events/?ID=7583"> |
|
588 # http://bmockbe.ru/events/?ID=7583 |
591 # http://bmockbe.ru/events/?ID=7583 |
589 # </a> |
|
590 # |
592 # |
591 # Medvedev signed a law on the calculation of the time (in russian): |
593 # Medvedev signed a law on the calculation of the time (in russian): |
592 # <a href="http://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1413906.html"> |
|
593 # http://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1413906.html |
594 # http://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1413906.html |
594 # </a> |
|
595 |
595 |
596 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15): |
596 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15): |
597 # Take "abolishing daylight saving time" to mean that time is now considered |
597 # Take "abolishing daylight saving time" to mean that time is now considered |
598 # to be standard. |
598 # to be standard. |
599 |
599 |
609 # for Central European Summer Time, but this didn't agree with common usage. |
609 # for Central European Summer Time, but this didn't agree with common usage. |
610 |
610 |
611 # From Markus Kuhn (1996-07-12): |
611 # From Markus Kuhn (1996-07-12): |
612 # The official German names ... are |
612 # The official German names ... are |
613 # |
613 # |
614 # Mitteleuropaeische Zeit (MEZ) = UTC+01:00 |
614 # Mitteleuropäische Zeit (MEZ) = UTC+01:00 |
615 # Mitteleuropaeische Sommerzeit (MESZ) = UTC+02:00 |
615 # Mitteleuropäische Sommerzeit (MESZ) = UTC+02:00 |
616 # |
616 # |
617 # as defined in the German Time Act (Gesetz ueber die Zeitbestimmung (ZeitG), |
617 # as defined in the German Time Act (Gesetz über die Zeitbestimmung (ZeitG), |
618 # 1978-07-25, Bundesgesetzblatt, Jahrgang 1978, Teil I, S. 1110-1111).... |
618 # 1978-07-25, Bundesgesetzblatt, Jahrgang 1978, Teil I, S. 1110-1111).... |
619 # I wrote ... to the German Federal Physical-Technical Institution |
619 # I wrote ... to the German Federal Physical-Technical Institution |
620 # |
620 # |
621 # Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) |
621 # Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) |
622 # Laboratorium 4.41 "Zeiteinheit" |
622 # Laboratorium 4.41 "Zeiteinheit" |
706 # From Yauhen Kharuzhy (2011-09-16): |
706 # From Yauhen Kharuzhy (2011-09-16): |
707 # By latest Belarus government act Europe/Minsk timezone was changed to |
707 # By latest Belarus government act Europe/Minsk timezone was changed to |
708 # GMT+3 without DST (was GMT+2 with DST). |
708 # GMT+3 without DST (was GMT+2 with DST). |
709 # |
709 # |
710 # Sources (Russian language): |
710 # Sources (Russian language): |
711 # 1. |
|
712 # <a href="http://www.belta.by/ru/all_news/society/V-Belarusi-otmenjaetsja-perexod-na-sezonnoe-vremja_i_572952.html"> |
|
713 # http://www.belta.by/ru/all_news/society/V-Belarusi-otmenjaetsja-perexod-na-sezonnoe-vremja_i_572952.html |
711 # http://www.belta.by/ru/all_news/society/V-Belarusi-otmenjaetsja-perexod-na-sezonnoe-vremja_i_572952.html |
714 # </a> |
|
715 # 2. |
|
716 # <a href="http://naviny.by/rubrics/society/2011/09/16/ic_articles_116_175144/"> |
|
717 # http://naviny.by/rubrics/society/2011/09/16/ic_articles_116_175144/ |
712 # http://naviny.by/rubrics/society/2011/09/16/ic_articles_116_175144/ |
718 # </a> |
|
719 # 3. |
|
720 # <a href="http://news.tut.by/society/250578.html"> |
|
721 # http://news.tut.by/society/250578.html |
713 # http://news.tut.by/society/250578.html |
722 # </a> |
|
723 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
714 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
724 Zone Europe/Minsk 1:50:16 - LMT 1880 |
715 Zone Europe/Minsk 1:50:16 - LMT 1880 |
725 1:50 - MMT 1924 May 2 # Minsk Mean Time |
716 1:50 - MMT 1924 May 2 # Minsk Mean Time |
726 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 |
717 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 |
727 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jun 28 |
718 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jun 28 |
730 3:00 - MSK 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
721 3:00 - MSK 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
731 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s |
722 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s |
732 2:00 - EET 1992 Mar 29 0:00s |
723 2:00 - EET 1992 Mar 29 0:00s |
733 2:00 1:00 EEST 1992 Sep 27 0:00s |
724 2:00 1:00 EEST 1992 Sep 27 0:00s |
734 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
725 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
735 3:00 - FET # Further-eastern European Time |
726 3:00 - FET |
736 |
727 |
737 # Belgium |
728 # Belgium |
738 # |
729 # |
739 # From Paul Eggert (1997-07-02): |
730 # From Paul Eggert (1997-07-02): |
740 # Entries from 1918 through 1991 are taken from: |
731 # Entries from 1918 through 1991 are taken from: |
741 # Annuaire de L'Observatoire Royal de Belgique, |
732 # Annuaire de L'Observatoire Royal de Belgique, |
742 # Avenue Circulaire, 3, B-1180 BRUXELLES, CLVIIe annee, 1991 |
733 # Avenue Circulaire, 3, B-1180 BRUXELLES, CLVIIe année, 1991 |
743 # (Imprimerie HAYEZ, s.p.r.l., Rue Fin, 4, 1080 BRUXELLES, MCMXC), |
734 # (Imprimerie HAYEZ, s.p.r.l., Rue Fin, 4, 1080 BRUXELLES, MCMXC), |
744 # pp 8-9. |
735 # pp 8-9. |
745 # LMT before 1892 was 0:17:30, according to the official journal of Belgium: |
736 # LMT before 1892 was 0:17:30, according to the official journal of Belgium: |
746 # Moniteur Belge, Samedi 30 Avril 1892, N.121. |
737 # Moniteur Belge, Samedi 30 Avril 1892, N.121. |
747 # Thanks to Pascal Delmoitie for these references. |
738 # Thanks to Pascal Delmoitie for these references. |
803 |
794 |
804 # Bulgaria |
795 # Bulgaria |
805 # |
796 # |
806 # From Plamen Simenov via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): |
797 # From Plamen Simenov via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): |
807 # A document of Government of Bulgaria (No.94/1997) says: |
798 # A document of Government of Bulgaria (No.94/1997) says: |
808 # EET --> EETDST is in 03:00 Local time in last Sunday of March ... |
799 # EET -> EETDST is in 03:00 Local time in last Sunday of March ... |
809 # EETDST --> EET is in 04:00 Local time in last Sunday of October |
800 # EETDST -> EET is in 04:00 Local time in last Sunday of October |
810 # |
801 # |
811 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
802 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
812 Rule Bulg 1979 only - Mar 31 23:00 1:00 S |
803 Rule Bulg 1979 only - Mar 31 23:00 1:00 S |
813 Rule Bulg 1979 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - |
804 Rule Bulg 1979 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - |
814 Rule Bulg 1980 1982 - Apr Sat>=1 23:00 1:00 S |
805 Rule Bulg 1980 1982 - Apr Sat>=1 23:00 1:00 S |
849 1:00 EU CE%sT |
840 1:00 EU CE%sT |
850 # Use Europe/Prague also for Slovakia. |
841 # Use Europe/Prague also for Slovakia. |
851 |
842 |
852 # Denmark, Faroe Islands, and Greenland |
843 # Denmark, Faroe Islands, and Greenland |
853 |
844 |
854 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-04-26): |
845 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-04-26): |
855 # http://www.hum.aau.dk/~poe/tid/tine/DanskTid.htm says that the law |
846 # http://www.hum.aau.dk/~poe/tid/tine/DanskTid.htm says that the law |
856 # [introducing standard time] was in effect from 1894-01-01.... |
847 # [introducing standard time] was in effect from 1894-01-01.... |
857 # The page http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A18930008330-REGL |
848 # The page http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A18930008330-REGL |
858 # confirms this, and states that the law was put forth 1893-03-29. |
849 # confirms this, and states that the law was put forth 1893-03-29. |
859 # |
850 # |
860 # The EU treaty with effect from 1973: |
851 # The EU treaty with effect from 1973: |
861 # http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19722110030-REGL |
852 # http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19722110030-REGL |
862 # |
853 # |
863 # This provoked a new law from 1974 to make possible summer time changes |
854 # This provoked a new law from 1974 to make possible summer time changes |
864 # in subsequenet decrees with the law |
855 # in subsequent decrees with the law |
865 # http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19740022330-REGL |
856 # http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19740022330-REGL |
866 # |
857 # |
867 # It seems however that no decree was set forward until 1980. I have |
858 # It seems however that no decree was set forward until 1980. I have |
868 # not found any decree, but in another related law, the effecting DST |
859 # not found any decree, but in another related law, the effecting DST |
869 # changes are stated explicitly to be from 1980-04-06 at 02:00 to |
860 # changes are stated explicitly to be from 1980-04-06 at 02:00 to |
874 # The law is about the management of the extra hour, concerning |
865 # The law is about the management of the extra hour, concerning |
875 # working hours reported and effect on obligatory-rest rules (which |
866 # working hours reported and effect on obligatory-rest rules (which |
876 # was suspended on that night): |
867 # was suspended on that night): |
877 # http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/C19801120554-REGL |
868 # http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/C19801120554-REGL |
878 |
869 |
879 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-06-11): |
870 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-06-11): |
880 # The Herning Folkeblad (1980-09-26) reported that the night between |
871 # The Herning Folkeblad (1980-09-26) reported that the night between |
881 # Saturday and Sunday the clock is set back from three to two. |
872 # Saturday and Sunday the clock is set back from three to two. |
882 |
873 |
883 # From Paul Eggert (2005-06-11): |
874 # From Paul Eggert (2005-06-11): |
884 # Hence the "02:00" of the 1980 law refers to standard time, not |
875 # Hence the "02:00" of the 1980 law refers to standard time, not |
902 0:50:20 - CMT 1894 Jan 1 # Copenhagen MT |
893 0:50:20 - CMT 1894 Jan 1 # Copenhagen MT |
903 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s |
894 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s |
904 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 |
895 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 |
905 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1980 |
896 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1980 |
906 1:00 EU CE%sT |
897 1:00 EU CE%sT |
907 Zone Atlantic/Faroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Torshavn |
898 Zone Atlantic/Faroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Tórshavn |
908 0:00 - WET 1981 |
899 0:00 - WET 1981 |
909 0:00 EU WE%sT |
900 0:00 EU WE%sT |
910 # |
901 # |
911 # From Paul Eggert (2004-10-31): |
902 # From Paul Eggert (2004-10-31): |
912 # During World War II, Germany maintained secret manned weather stations in |
903 # During World War II, Germany maintained secret manned weather stations in |
914 # My source for this is Wilhelm Dege's book mentioned under Svalbard. |
905 # My source for this is Wilhelm Dege's book mentioned under Svalbard. |
915 # |
906 # |
916 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): |
907 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): |
917 # Greenland joined the EU as part of Denmark, obtained home rule on 1979-05-01, |
908 # Greenland joined the EU as part of Denmark, obtained home rule on 1979-05-01, |
918 # and left the EU on 1985-02-01. It therefore should have been using EU |
909 # and left the EU on 1985-02-01. It therefore should have been using EU |
919 # rules at least through 1984. Shanks & Pottenger say Scoresbysund and Godthab |
910 # rules at least through 1984. Shanks & Pottenger say Scoresbysund and Godthåb |
920 # used C-Eur rules after 1980, but IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says they use EU |
911 # used C-Eur rules after 1980, but IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says they use EU |
921 # rules since at least 1991. Assume EU rules since 1980. |
912 # rules since at least 1991. Assume EU rules since 1980. |
922 |
913 |
923 # From Gwillin Law (2001-06-06), citing |
914 # From Gwillim Law (2001-06-06), citing |
924 # <http://www.statkart.no/efs/efshefter/2001/efs5-2001.pdf> (2001-03-15), |
915 # <http://www.statkart.no/efs/efshefter/2001/efs5-2001.pdf> (2001-03-15), |
925 # and with translations corrected by Steffen Thorsen: |
916 # and with translations corrected by Steffen Thorsen: |
926 # |
917 # |
927 # Greenland has four local times, and the relation to UTC |
918 # Greenland has four local times, and the relation to UTC |
928 # is according to the following time line: |
919 # is according to the following time line: |
953 # email. The other stations are two sledge patrol stations in |
944 # email. The other stations are two sledge patrol stations in |
954 # Mestersvig and Daneborg, the air force base at Station Nord, and the |
945 # Mestersvig and Daneborg, the air force base at Station Nord, and the |
955 # DPC research station at Zackenberg. |
946 # DPC research station at Zackenberg. |
956 # |
947 # |
957 # Scoresbysund and two small villages nearby keep time UTC-1 and use |
948 # Scoresbysund and two small villages nearby keep time UTC-1 and use |
958 # the same daylight savings time period as in West Greenland (Godthab). |
949 # the same daylight savings time period as in West Greenland (Godthåb). |
959 # |
950 # |
960 # The rest of Greenland, including Godthab (this area, although it |
951 # The rest of Greenland, including Godthåb (this area, although it |
961 # includes central Greenland, is known as west Greenland), keeps time |
952 # includes central Greenland, is known as west Greenland), keeps time |
962 # UTC-3, with daylight savings methods according to European rules. |
953 # UTC-3, with daylight savings methods according to European rules. |
963 # |
954 # |
964 # It is common procedure to use UTC 0 in the wilderness of East and |
955 # It is common procedure to use UTC 0 in the wilderness of East and |
965 # North Greenland, because it is mainly Icelandic aircraft operators |
956 # North Greenland, because it is mainly Icelandic aircraft operators |
966 # maintaining traffic in these areas. However, the official status of |
957 # maintaining traffic in these areas. However, the official status of |
967 # this area is that it sticks with Godthab time. This area might be |
958 # this area is that it sticks with Godthåb time. This area might be |
968 # considered a dual time zone in some respects because of this. |
959 # considered a dual time zone in some respects because of this. |
969 |
960 |
970 # From Rives McDow (2001-11-19): |
961 # From Rives McDow (2001-11-19): |
971 # I heard back from someone stationed at Thule; the time change took place |
962 # I heard back from someone stationed at Thule; the time change took place |
972 # there at 2:00 AM. |
963 # there at 2:00 AM. |
973 |
964 |
974 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): |
965 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): |
975 # From 1997 on the CIA map shows Danmarkshavn on GMT; |
966 # From 1997 on the CIA map shows Danmarkshavn on GMT; |
976 # the 1995 map as like Godthab. |
967 # the 1995 map as like Godthåb. |
977 # For lack of better info, assume they were like Godthab before 1996. |
968 # For lack of better info, assume they were like Godthåb before 1996. |
978 # startkart.no says Thule does not observe DST, but this is clearly an error, |
969 # startkart.no says Thule does not observe DST, but this is clearly an error, |
979 # so go with Shanks & Pottenger for Thule transitions until this year. |
970 # so go with Shanks & Pottenger for Thule transitions until this year. |
980 # For 2007 on assume Thule will stay in sync with US DST rules. |
971 # For 2007 on assume Thule will stay in sync with US DST rules. |
981 # |
972 # |
982 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
973 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
1017 # A discussion is running about the summer time efficiency and effect on |
1008 # A discussion is running about the summer time efficiency and effect on |
1018 # human physiology. It seems that Estonia maybe will not change to |
1009 # human physiology. It seems that Estonia maybe will not change to |
1019 # summer time next spring." |
1010 # summer time next spring." |
1020 |
1011 |
1021 # From Peter Ilieve (1998-11-04), heavily edited: |
1012 # From Peter Ilieve (1998-11-04), heavily edited: |
1022 # <a href="http://trip.rk.ee/cgi-bin/thw?${BASE}=akt&${OOHTML}=rtd&TA=1998&TO=1&AN=1390"> |
|
1023 # The 1998-09-22 Estonian time law |
1013 # The 1998-09-22 Estonian time law |
1024 # </a> |
1014 # <http://trip.rk.ee/cgi-bin/thw?${BASE}=akt&${OOHTML}=rtd&TA=1998&TO=1&AN=1390> |
1025 # refers to the Eighth Directive and cites the association agreement between |
1015 # refers to the Eighth Directive and cites the association agreement between |
1026 # the EU and Estonia, ratified by the Estonian law (RT II 1995, 22--27, 120). |
1016 # the EU and Estonia, ratified by the Estonian law (RT II 1995, 22-27, 120). |
1027 # |
1017 # |
1028 # I also asked [my relative] whether they use any standard abbreviation |
1018 # I also asked [my relative] whether they use any standard abbreviation |
1029 # for their standard and summer times. He says no, they use "suveaeg" |
1019 # for their standard and summer times. He says no, they use "suveaeg" |
1030 # (summer time) and "talveaeg" (winter time). |
1020 # (summer time) and "talveaeg" (winter time). |
1031 |
1021 |
1032 # From <a href="http://www.baltictimes.com/">The Baltic Times</a> (1999-09-09) |
1022 # From The Baltic Times <http://www.baltictimes.com/> (1999-09-09) |
1033 # via Steffen Thorsen: |
1023 # via Steffen Thorsen: |
1034 # This year will mark the last time Estonia shifts to summer time, |
1024 # This year will mark the last time Estonia shifts to summer time, |
1035 # a council of the ruling coalition announced Sept. 6.... |
1025 # a council of the ruling coalition announced Sept. 6.... |
1036 # But what this could mean for Estonia's chances of joining the European |
1026 # But what this could mean for Estonia's chances of joining the European |
1037 # Union are still unclear. In 1994, the EU declared summer time compulsory |
1027 # Union are still unclear. In 1994, the EU declared summer time compulsory |
1045 |
1035 |
1046 # From Toomas Soome (2002-02-21): |
1036 # From Toomas Soome (2002-02-21): |
1047 # The Estonian government has changed once again timezone politics. |
1037 # The Estonian government has changed once again timezone politics. |
1048 # Now we are using again EU rules. |
1038 # Now we are using again EU rules. |
1049 # |
1039 # |
1050 # From Urmet Jaanes (2002-03-28): |
1040 # From Urmet Jänes (2002-03-28): |
1051 # The legislative reference is Government decree No. 84 on 2002-02-21. |
1041 # The legislative reference is Government decree No. 84 on 2002-02-21. |
1052 |
1042 |
1053 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
1043 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
1054 Zone Europe/Tallinn 1:39:00 - LMT 1880 |
1044 Zone Europe/Tallinn 1:39:00 - LMT 1880 |
1055 1:39:00 - TMT 1918 Feb # Tallinn Mean Time |
1045 1:39:00 - TMT 1918 Feb # Tallinn Mean Time |
1079 # according to the central European standards. |
1069 # according to the central European standards. |
1080 # |
1070 # |
1081 # This is documented in Heikki Oja: Aikakirja 2007, published by The Almanac |
1071 # This is documented in Heikki Oja: Aikakirja 2007, published by The Almanac |
1082 # Office of University of Helsinki, ISBN 952-10-3221-9, available online (in |
1072 # Office of University of Helsinki, ISBN 952-10-3221-9, available online (in |
1083 # Finnish) at |
1073 # Finnish) at |
1084 # |
|
1085 # <a href="http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/aikakirja/Aikakirja2007kokonaan.pdf"> |
|
1086 # http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/aikakirja/Aikakirja2007kokonaan.pdf |
1074 # http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/aikakirja/Aikakirja2007kokonaan.pdf |
1087 # </a> |
|
1088 # |
1075 # |
1089 # Page 105 (56 in PDF version) has a handy table of all past daylight savings |
1076 # Page 105 (56 in PDF version) has a handy table of all past daylight savings |
1090 # transitions. It is easy enough to interpret without Finnish skills. |
1077 # transitions. It is easy enough to interpret without Finnish skills. |
1091 # |
1078 # |
1092 # This is also confirmed by Finnish Broadcasting Company's archive at: |
1079 # This is also confirmed by Finnish Broadcasting Company's archive at: |
1093 # |
|
1094 # <a href="http://www.yle.fi/elavaarkisto/?s=s&g=1&ag=5&t=&a=3401"> |
|
1095 # http://www.yle.fi/elavaarkisto/?s=s&g=1&ag=5&t=&a=3401 |
1080 # http://www.yle.fi/elavaarkisto/?s=s&g=1&ag=5&t=&a=3401 |
1096 # </a> |
|
1097 # |
1081 # |
1098 # The news clip from 1981 says that "the time between 2 and 3 o'clock does not |
1082 # The news clip from 1981 says that "the time between 2 and 3 o'clock does not |
1099 # exist tonight." |
1083 # exist tonight." |
1100 |
1084 |
1085 # From Konstantin Hyppönen (2014-06-13): |
|
1086 # [Heikki Oja's book Aikakirja 2013] |
|
1087 # http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/images/aikakirja/Aikakirja2013kokonaan.pdf |
|
1088 # pages 104-105, including a scan from a newspaper published on Apr 2 1942 |
|
1089 # say that ... [o]n Apr 2 1942, 24 o'clock (which means Apr 3 1942, |
|
1090 # 00:00), clocks were moved one hour forward. The newspaper |
|
1091 # mentions "on the night from Thursday to Friday".... |
|
1092 # On Oct 4 1942, clocks were moved at 1:00 one hour backwards. |
|
1093 # |
|
1094 # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-14): |
|
1095 # Go with Oja over Shanks. |
|
1096 |
|
1101 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
1097 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
1102 Rule Finland 1942 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S |
1098 Rule Finland 1942 only - Apr 2 24:00 1:00 S |
1103 Rule Finland 1942 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - |
1099 Rule Finland 1942 only - Oct 4 1:00 0 - |
1104 Rule Finland 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S |
1100 Rule Finland 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S |
1105 Rule Finland 1981 1982 - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - |
1101 Rule Finland 1981 1982 - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - |
1106 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
1102 |
1107 Zone Europe/Helsinki 1:39:52 - LMT 1878 May 31 |
1103 # Milne says Helsinki (Helsingfors) time was 1:39:49.2 (official document); |
1108 1:39:52 - HMT 1921 May # Helsinki Mean Time |
1104 # round to nearest. |
1105 |
|
1106 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
|
1107 Zone Europe/Helsinki 1:39:49 - LMT 1878 May 31 |
|
1108 1:39:49 - HMT 1921 May # Helsinki Mean Time |
|
1109 2:00 Finland EE%sT 1983 |
1109 2:00 Finland EE%sT 1983 |
1110 2:00 EU EE%sT |
1110 2:00 EU EE%sT |
1111 |
1111 |
1112 # Aaland Is |
1112 # Åland Is |
1113 Link Europe/Helsinki Europe/Mariehamn |
1113 Link Europe/Helsinki Europe/Mariehamn |
1114 |
1114 |
1115 |
1115 |
1116 # France |
1116 # France |
1117 |
1117 |
1118 # From Ciro Discepolo (2000-12-20): |
1118 # From Ciro Discepolo (2000-12-20): |
1119 # |
1119 # |
1120 # Henri Le Corre, Regimes Horaires pour le monde entier, Editions |
1120 # Henri Le Corre, Régimes horaires pour le monde entier, Éditions |
1121 # Traditionnelles - Paris 2 books, 1993 |
1121 # Traditionnelles - Paris 2 books, 1993 |
1122 # |
1122 # |
1123 # Gabriel, Traite de l'heure dans le monde, Guy Tredaniel editeur, |
1123 # Gabriel, Traité de l'heure dans le monde, Guy Trédaniel, |
1124 # Paris, 1991 |
1124 # Paris, 1991 |
1125 # |
1125 # |
1126 # Francoise Gauquelin, Problemes de l'heure resolus en astrologie, |
1126 # Françoise Gauquelin, Problèmes de l'heure résolus en astrologie, |
1127 # Guy tredaniel, Paris 1987 |
1127 # Guy Trédaniel, Paris 1987 |
1128 |
1128 |
1129 |
1129 |
1130 # |
1130 # |
1131 # Shank & Pottenger seem to use '24:00' ambiguously; resolve it with Whitman. |
1131 # Shank & Pottenger seem to use '24:00' ambiguously; resolve it with Whitman. |
1132 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
1132 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
1163 Rule France 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S |
1163 Rule France 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S |
1164 Rule France 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - |
1164 Rule France 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - |
1165 Rule France 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 S |
1165 Rule France 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 S |
1166 # The French rules for 1941-1944 were not used in Paris, but Shanks & Pottenger |
1166 # The French rules for 1941-1944 were not used in Paris, but Shanks & Pottenger |
1167 # write that they were used in Monaco and in many French locations. |
1167 # write that they were used in Monaco and in many French locations. |
1168 # Le Corre writes that the upper limit of the free zone was Arneguy, Orthez, |
1168 # Le Corre writes that the upper limit of the free zone was Arnéguy, Orthez, |
1169 # Mont-de-Marsan, Bazas, Langon, Lamotte-Montravel, Marouil, La |
1169 # Mont-de-Marsan, Bazas, Langon, Lamothe-Montravel, Marœuil, La |
1170 # Rochefoucault, Champagne-Mouton, La Roche-Posay, La Haye-Descartes, |
1170 # Rochefoucauld, Champagne-Mouton, La Roche-Posay, La Haye-Descartes, |
1171 # Loches, Montrichard, Vierzon, Bourges, Moulins, Digoin, |
1171 # Loches, Montrichard, Vierzon, Bourges, Moulins, Digoin, |
1172 # Paray-le-Monial, Montceau-les-Mines, Chalons-sur-Saone, Arbois, |
1172 # Paray-le-Monial, Montceau-les-Mines, Chalon-sur-Saône, Arbois, |
1173 # Dole, Morez, St-Claude, and Collonges (Haute-Savoie). |
1173 # Dole, Morez, St-Claude, and Collonges (Haute-Savoie). |
1174 Rule France 1941 only - May 5 0:00 2:00 M # Midsummer |
1174 Rule France 1941 only - May 5 0:00 2:00 M # Midsummer |
1175 # Shanks & Pottenger say this transition occurred at Oct 6 1:00, |
1175 # Shanks & Pottenger say this transition occurred at Oct 6 1:00, |
1176 # but go with Denis Excoffier (1997-12-12), |
1176 # but go with Denis Excoffier (1997-12-12), |
1177 # who quotes the Ephemerides Astronomiques for 1998 from Bureau des Longitudes |
1177 # who quotes the Ephémérides astronomiques for 1998 from Bureau des Longitudes |
1178 # as saying 5/10/41 22hUT. |
1178 # as saying 5/10/41 22hUT. |
1179 Rule France 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S |
1179 Rule France 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S |
1180 Rule France 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 2:00 M |
1180 Rule France 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 2:00 M |
1181 Rule France 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 1:00 S |
1181 Rule France 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 1:00 S |
1182 Rule France 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 2:00 M |
1182 Rule France 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 2:00 M |
1210 # From Markus Kuhn (1998-09-29): |
1210 # From Markus Kuhn (1998-09-29): |
1211 # The German time zone web site by the Physikalisch-Technische |
1211 # The German time zone web site by the Physikalisch-Technische |
1212 # Bundesanstalt contains DST information back to 1916. |
1212 # Bundesanstalt contains DST information back to 1916. |
1213 # [See tz-link.htm for the URL.] |
1213 # [See tz-link.htm for the URL.] |
1214 |
1214 |
1215 # From Joerg Schilling (2002-10-23): |
1215 # From Jörg Schilling (2002-10-23): |
1216 # In 1945, Berlin was switched to Moscow Summer time (GMT+4) by |
1216 # In 1945, Berlin was switched to Moscow Summer time (GMT+4) by |
1217 # <a href="http://www.dhm.de/lemo/html/biografien/BersarinNikolai/"> |
1217 # <http://www.dhm.de/lemo/html/biografien/BersarinNikolai/> |
1218 # General [Nikolai] Bersarin</a>. |
1218 # General [Nikolai] Bersarin. |
1219 |
1219 |
1220 # From Paul Eggert (2003-03-08): |
1220 # From Paul Eggert (2003-03-08): |
1221 # <a href="http://www.parlament-berlin.de/pds-fraktion.nsf/727459127c8b66ee8525662300459099/defc77cb784f180ac1256c2b0030274b/$FILE/bersarint.pdf"> |
|
1222 # http://www.parlament-berlin.de/pds-fraktion.nsf/727459127c8b66ee8525662300459099/defc77cb784f180ac1256c2b0030274b/$FILE/bersarint.pdf |
1221 # http://www.parlament-berlin.de/pds-fraktion.nsf/727459127c8b66ee8525662300459099/defc77cb784f180ac1256c2b0030274b/$FILE/bersarint.pdf |
1223 # </a> |
|
1224 # says that Bersarin issued an order to use Moscow time on May 20. |
1222 # says that Bersarin issued an order to use Moscow time on May 20. |
1225 # However, Moscow did not observe daylight saving in 1945, so |
1223 # However, Moscow did not observe daylight saving in 1945, so |
1226 # this was equivalent to CEMT (GMT+3), not GMT+4. |
1224 # this was equivalent to CEMT (GMT+3), not GMT+4. |
1227 |
1225 |
1228 |
1226 |
1249 1:00 SovietZone CE%sT 1946 |
1247 1:00 SovietZone CE%sT 1946 |
1250 1:00 Germany CE%sT 1980 |
1248 1:00 Germany CE%sT 1980 |
1251 1:00 EU CE%sT |
1249 1:00 EU CE%sT |
1252 |
1250 |
1253 # From Tobias Conradi (2011-09-12): |
1251 # From Tobias Conradi (2011-09-12): |
1254 # Busingen <http://www.buesingen.de>, surrounded by the Swiss canton |
1252 # Büsingen <http://www.buesingen.de>, surrounded by the Swiss canton |
1255 # Schaffhausen, did not start observing DST in 1980 as the rest of DE |
1253 # Schaffhausen, did not start observing DST in 1980 as the rest of DE |
1256 # (West Germany at that time) and DD (East Germany at that time) did. |
1254 # (West Germany at that time) and DD (East Germany at that time) did. |
1257 # DD merged into DE, the area is currently covered by code DE in ISO 3166-1, |
1255 # DD merged into DE, the area is currently covered by code DE in ISO 3166-1, |
1258 # which in turn is covered by the zone Europe/Berlin. |
1256 # which in turn is covered by the zone Europe/Berlin. |
1259 # |
1257 # |
1260 # Source for the time in Busingen 1980: |
1258 # Source for the time in Büsingen 1980: |
1261 # http://www.srf.ch/player/video?id=c012c029-03b7-4c2b-9164-aa5902cd58d3 |
1259 # http://www.srf.ch/player/video?id=c012c029-03b7-4c2b-9164-aa5902cd58d3 |
1262 |
1260 |
1263 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-03): |
1261 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-03): |
1264 # Busingen and Zurich have shared clocks since 1970. |
1262 # Busingen and Zurich have shared clocks since 1970. |
1265 |
1263 |
1311 # Shanks & Pottenger say it switched to C-Eur in 1981; |
1309 # Shanks & Pottenger say it switched to C-Eur in 1981; |
1312 # go with EU instead, since Greece joined it on Jan 1. |
1310 # go with EU instead, since Greece joined it on Jan 1. |
1313 2:00 EU EE%sT |
1311 2:00 EU EE%sT |
1314 |
1312 |
1315 # Hungary |
1313 # Hungary |
1314 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-15): |
|
1315 # Dates for 1916-1945 are taken from: |
|
1316 # Oross A. Jelen a múlt jövője: a nyári időszámítás Magyarországon 1916-1945. |
|
1317 # National Archives of Hungary (2012-10-29). |
|
1318 # http://mnl.gov.hu/a_het_dokumentuma/a_nyari_idoszamitas_magyarorszagon_19161945.html |
|
1319 # This source does not always give times, which are taken from Shanks |
|
1320 # & Pottenger (which disagree about the dates). |
|
1316 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
1321 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
1317 Rule Hungary 1918 only - Apr 1 3:00 1:00 S |
1322 Rule Hungary 1918 only - Apr 1 3:00 1:00 S |
1318 Rule Hungary 1918 only - Sep 29 3:00 0 - |
1323 Rule Hungary 1918 only - Sep 16 3:00 0 - |
1319 Rule Hungary 1919 only - Apr 15 3:00 1:00 S |
1324 Rule Hungary 1919 only - Apr 15 3:00 1:00 S |
1320 Rule Hungary 1919 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 - |
1325 Rule Hungary 1919 only - Nov 24 3:00 0 - |
1321 Rule Hungary 1920 only - Apr 5 3:00 1:00 S |
|
1322 Rule Hungary 1920 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 - |
|
1323 Rule Hungary 1945 only - May 1 23:00 1:00 S |
1326 Rule Hungary 1945 only - May 1 23:00 1:00 S |
1324 Rule Hungary 1945 only - Nov 3 0:00 0 - |
1327 Rule Hungary 1945 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - |
1325 Rule Hungary 1946 only - Mar 31 2:00s 1:00 S |
1328 Rule Hungary 1946 only - Mar 31 2:00s 1:00 S |
1326 Rule Hungary 1946 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - |
1329 Rule Hungary 1946 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - |
1327 Rule Hungary 1947 1949 - Apr Sun>=4 2:00s 1:00 S |
1330 Rule Hungary 1947 1949 - Apr Sun>=4 2:00s 1:00 S |
1328 Rule Hungary 1950 only - Apr 17 2:00s 1:00 S |
1331 Rule Hungary 1950 only - Apr 17 2:00s 1:00 S |
1329 Rule Hungary 1950 only - Oct 23 2:00s 0 - |
1332 Rule Hungary 1950 only - Oct 23 2:00s 0 - |
1335 Rule Hungary 1957 only - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - |
1338 Rule Hungary 1957 only - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - |
1336 Rule Hungary 1980 only - Apr 6 1:00 1:00 S |
1339 Rule Hungary 1980 only - Apr 6 1:00 1:00 S |
1337 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
1340 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
1338 Zone Europe/Budapest 1:16:20 - LMT 1890 Oct |
1341 Zone Europe/Budapest 1:16:20 - LMT 1890 Oct |
1339 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 |
1342 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 |
1340 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1941 Apr 6 2:00 |
1343 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1941 Apr 8 |
1341 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 |
1344 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 |
1342 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1980 Sep 28 2:00s |
1345 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1980 Sep 28 2:00s |
1343 1:00 EU CE%sT |
1346 1:00 EU CE%sT |
1344 |
1347 |
1345 # Iceland |
1348 # Iceland |
1413 # so record only the time in Rome. |
1416 # so record only the time in Rome. |
1414 # |
1417 # |
1415 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): |
1418 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): |
1416 # For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks & Pottenger, Whitman, and |
1419 # For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks & Pottenger, Whitman, and |
1417 # F. Pollastri |
1420 # F. Pollastri |
1418 # <a href="http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/uk/ienitlt.html"> |
|
1419 # Day-light Saving Time in Italy (2006-02-03) |
1421 # Day-light Saving Time in Italy (2006-02-03) |
1420 # </a> |
1422 # <http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/uk/ienitlt.html> |
1421 # ('FP' below), taken from an Italian National Electrotechnical Institute |
1423 # ('FP' below), taken from an Italian National Electrotechnical Institute |
1422 # publication. When the three sources disagree, guess who's right, as follows: |
1424 # publication. When the three sources disagree, guess who's right, as follows: |
1423 # |
1425 # |
1424 # year FP Shanks&P. (S) Whitman (W) Go with: |
1426 # year FP Shanks&P. (S) Whitman (W) Go with: |
1425 # 1916 06-03 06-03 24:00 06-03 00:00 FP & W |
1427 # 1916 06-03 06-03 24:00 06-03 00:00 FP & W |
1523 # 1997-01-21 on transition to Summer time ... established the same order of |
1525 # 1997-01-21 on transition to Summer time ... established the same order of |
1524 # daylight savings time settings as in the States of the European Union. |
1526 # daylight savings time settings as in the States of the European Union. |
1525 |
1527 |
1526 # From Andrei Ivanov (2000-03-06): |
1528 # From Andrei Ivanov (2000-03-06): |
1527 # This year Latvia will not switch to Daylight Savings Time (as specified in |
1529 # This year Latvia will not switch to Daylight Savings Time (as specified in |
1528 # <a href="http://www.lv-laiks.lv/wwwraksti/2000/071072/vd4.htm"> |
|
1529 # The Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Rep. of Latvia of |
1530 # The Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Rep. of Latvia of |
1530 # 29-Feb-2000 (#79)</a>, in Latvian for subscribers only). |
1531 # 29-Feb-2000 (#79) <http://www.lv-laiks.lv/wwwraksti/2000/071072/vd4.htm>, |
1531 |
1532 # in Latvian for subscribers only). |
1532 # <a href="http://www.rferl.org/newsline/2001/01/3-CEE/cee-030101.html"> |
1533 |
1533 # From RFE/RL Newsline (2001-01-03), noted after a heads-up by Rives McDow: |
1534 # From RFE/RL Newsline |
1534 # </a> |
1535 # <http://www.rferl.org/newsline/2001/01/3-CEE/cee-030101.html> |
1536 # (2001-01-03), noted after a heads-up by Rives McDow: |
|
1535 # The Latvian government on 2 January decided that the country will |
1537 # The Latvian government on 2 January decided that the country will |
1536 # institute daylight-saving time this spring, LETA reported. |
1538 # institute daylight-saving time this spring, LETA reported. |
1537 # Last February the three Baltic states decided not to turn back their |
1539 # Last February the three Baltic states decided not to turn back their |
1538 # clocks one hour in the spring.... |
1540 # clocks one hour in the spring.... |
1539 # Minister of Economy Aigars Kalvitis noted that Latvia had too few |
1541 # Minister of Economy Aigars Kalvitis noted that Latvia had too few |
1544 # appears that they will not do so.... |
1546 # appears that they will not do so.... |
1545 |
1547 |
1546 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
1548 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
1547 Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S |
1549 Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S |
1548 Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - |
1550 Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - |
1549 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
1551 |
1550 Zone Europe/Riga 1:36:24 - LMT 1880 |
1552 # Milne says Riga time was 1:36:28 (Polytechnique House time). |
1551 1:36:24 - RMT 1918 Apr 15 2:00 #Riga Mean Time |
1553 |
1552 1:36:24 1:00 LST 1918 Sep 16 3:00 #Latvian Summer |
1554 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
1553 1:36:24 - RMT 1919 Apr 1 2:00 |
1555 Zone Europe/Riga 1:36:28 - LMT 1880 |
1554 1:36:24 1:00 LST 1919 May 22 3:00 |
1556 1:36:28 - RMT 1918 Apr 15 2:00 #Riga Mean Time |
1555 1:36:24 - RMT 1926 May 11 |
1557 1:36:28 1:00 LST 1918 Sep 16 3:00 #Latvian Summer |
1558 1:36:28 - RMT 1919 Apr 1 2:00 |
|
1559 1:36:28 1:00 LST 1919 May 22 3:00 |
|
1560 1:36:28 - RMT 1926 May 11 |
|
1556 2:00 - EET 1940 Aug 5 |
1561 2:00 - EET 1940 Aug 5 |
1557 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jul |
1562 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jul |
1558 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct 13 |
1563 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct 13 |
1559 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar lastSun 2:00s |
1564 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar lastSun 2:00s |
1560 2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep lastSun 2:00s |
1565 2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep lastSun 2:00s |
1589 |
1594 |
1590 # From Marius Gedminas (1998-08-07): |
1595 # From Marius Gedminas (1998-08-07): |
1591 # I would like to inform that in this year Lithuanian time zone |
1596 # I would like to inform that in this year Lithuanian time zone |
1592 # (Europe/Vilnius) was changed. |
1597 # (Europe/Vilnius) was changed. |
1593 |
1598 |
1594 # From <a href="http://www.elta.lt/">ELTA</a> No. 972 (2582) (1999-09-29), |
1599 # From ELTA No. 972 (2582) (1999-09-29) <http://www.elta.lt/>, |
1595 # via Steffen Thorsen: |
1600 # via Steffen Thorsen: |
1596 # Lithuania has shifted back to the second time zone (GMT plus two hours) |
1601 # Lithuania has shifted back to the second time zone (GMT plus two hours) |
1597 # to be valid here starting from October 31, |
1602 # to be valid here starting from October 31, |
1598 # as decided by the national government on Wednesday.... |
1603 # as decided by the national government on Wednesday.... |
1599 # The Lithuanian government also announced plans to consider a |
1604 # The Lithuanian government also announced plans to consider a |
1600 # motion to give up shifting to summer time in spring, as it was |
1605 # motion to give up shifting to summer time in spring, as it was |
1601 # already done by Estonia. |
1606 # already done by Estonia. |
1602 |
1607 |
1603 # From the <a href="http://www.tourism.lt/informa/ff.htm"> |
1608 # From the Fact File, Lithuanian State Department of Tourism |
1604 # Fact File, Lithuanian State Department of Tourism |
1609 # <http://www.tourism.lt/informa/ff.htm> (2000-03-27): |
1605 # </a> (2000-03-27): Local time is GMT+2 hours ..., no daylight saving. |
1610 # Local time is GMT+2 hours ..., no daylight saving. |
1606 |
1611 |
1607 # From a user via Klaus Marten (2003-02-07): |
1612 # From a user via Klaus Marten (2003-02-07): |
1608 # As a candidate for membership of the European Union, Lithuania will |
1613 # As a candidate for membership of the European Union, Lithuania will |
1609 # observe Summer Time in 2003, changing its clocks at the times laid |
1614 # observe Summer Time in 2003, changing its clocks at the times laid |
1610 # down in EU Directive 2000/84 of 19.I.01 (i.e. at the same times as its |
1615 # down in EU Directive 2000/84 of 19.I.01 (i.e. at the same times as its |
1694 # However, this is most likely an error, as Moldova declared independence |
1699 # However, this is most likely an error, as Moldova declared independence |
1695 # on 1991-08-27 (the 1992-01-19 date is that of a Russian decree). |
1700 # on 1991-08-27 (the 1992-01-19 date is that of a Russian decree). |
1696 # In early 1992 there was large-scale interethnic violence in the area |
1701 # In early 1992 there was large-scale interethnic violence in the area |
1697 # and it's possible that some Russophones continued to observe Moscow time. |
1702 # and it's possible that some Russophones continued to observe Moscow time. |
1698 # But [two people] separately reported via |
1703 # But [two people] separately reported via |
1699 # Jesper Norgaard that as of 2001-01-24 Tiraspol was like Chisinau. |
1704 # Jesper Nørgaard that as of 2001-01-24 Tiraspol was like Chisinau. |
1700 # The Tiraspol entry has therefore been removed for now. |
1705 # The Tiraspol entry has therefore been removed for now. |
1701 # |
1706 # |
1702 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-10-17): |
1707 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-10-17): |
1703 # Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR, also known as |
1708 # Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR, also known as |
1704 # "Pridnestrovie") has abolished seasonal clock change (no transition |
1709 # "Pridnestrovie") has abolished seasonal clock change (no transition |
1705 # to the Winter Time). |
1710 # to the Winter Time). |
1706 # |
1711 # |
1707 # News (in Russian): |
1712 # News (in Russian): |
1708 # <a href="http://www.kyivpost.ua/russia/news/pridnestrove-otkazalos-ot-perehoda-na-zimnee-vremya-30954.html"> |
|
1709 # http://www.kyivpost.ua/russia/news/pridnestrove-otkazalos-ot-perehoda-na-zimnee-vremya-30954.html |
1713 # http://www.kyivpost.ua/russia/news/pridnestrove-otkazalos-ot-perehoda-na-zimnee-vremya-30954.html |
1710 # </a> |
|
1711 # |
|
1712 # <a href="http://www.allmoldova.com/moldova-news/1249064116.html"> |
|
1713 # http://www.allmoldova.com/moldova-news/1249064116.html |
1714 # http://www.allmoldova.com/moldova-news/1249064116.html |
1714 # </a> |
|
1715 # |
1715 # |
1716 # The substance of this change (reinstatement of the Tiraspol entry) |
1716 # The substance of this change (reinstatement of the Tiraspol entry) |
1717 # is from a patch from Petr Machata (2011-10-17) |
1717 # is from a patch from Petr Machata (2011-10-17) |
1718 # |
1718 # |
1719 # From Tim Parenti (2011-10-19) |
1719 # From Tim Parenti (2011-10-19) |
1727 # As of today, Transnistria (Pridnestrovie)- Tiraspol reversed its own |
1727 # As of today, Transnistria (Pridnestrovie)- Tiraspol reversed its own |
1728 # decision to abolish DST this winter. |
1728 # decision to abolish DST this winter. |
1729 # Following Moldova and neighboring Ukraine- Transnistria (Pridnestrovie)- |
1729 # Following Moldova and neighboring Ukraine- Transnistria (Pridnestrovie)- |
1730 # Tiraspol will go back to winter time on October 30, 2011. |
1730 # Tiraspol will go back to winter time on October 30, 2011. |
1731 # News from Moldova (in russian): |
1731 # News from Moldova (in russian): |
1732 # <a href="http://ru.publika.md/link_317061.html"> |
|
1733 # http://ru.publika.md/link_317061.html |
1732 # http://ru.publika.md/link_317061.html |
1734 # </a> |
|
1735 |
1733 |
1736 |
1734 |
1737 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
1735 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
1738 Zone Europe/Chisinau 1:55:20 - LMT 1880 |
1736 Zone Europe/Chisinau 1:55:20 - LMT 1880 |
1739 1:55 - CMT 1918 Feb 15 # Chisinau MT |
1737 1:55 - CMT 1918 Feb 15 # Chisinau MT |
1860 # Although I could not find it explicitly, it seems that Jan Mayen and |
1858 # Although I could not find it explicitly, it seems that Jan Mayen and |
1861 # Svalbard have been using the same time as Norway at least since the |
1859 # Svalbard have been using the same time as Norway at least since the |
1862 # time they were declared as parts of Norway. Svalbard was declared |
1860 # time they were declared as parts of Norway. Svalbard was declared |
1863 # as a part of Norway by law of 1925-07-17 no 11, section 4 and Jan |
1861 # as a part of Norway by law of 1925-07-17 no 11, section 4 and Jan |
1864 # Mayen by law of 1930-02-27 no 2, section 2. (From |
1862 # Mayen by law of 1930-02-27 no 2, section 2. (From |
1865 # http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-19250717-011.html and |
1863 # <http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-19250717-011.html> and |
1866 # http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-19300227-002.html). The law/regulation |
1864 # <http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-19300227-002.html>). The law/regulation |
1867 # for normal/standard time in Norway is from 1894-06-29 no 1 (came |
1865 # for normal/standard time in Norway is from 1894-06-29 no 1 (came |
1868 # into operation on 1895-01-01) and Svalbard/Jan Mayen seem to be a |
1866 # into operation on 1895-01-01) and Svalbard/Jan Mayen seem to be a |
1869 # part of this law since 1925/1930. (From |
1867 # part of this law since 1925/1930. (From |
1870 # http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-18940629-001.html ) I have not been |
1868 # <http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-18940629-001.html>) I have not been |
1871 # able to find if Jan Mayen used a different time zone (e.g. -0100) |
1869 # able to find if Jan Mayen used a different time zone (e.g. -0100) |
1872 # before 1930. Jan Mayen has only been "inhabitated" since 1921 by |
1870 # before 1930. Jan Mayen has only been "inhabited" since 1921 by |
1873 # Norwegian meteorologists and maybe used the same time as Norway ever |
1871 # Norwegian meteorologists and maybe used the same time as Norway ever |
1874 # since 1921. Svalbard (Arctic/Longyearbyen) has been inhabited since |
1872 # since 1921. Svalbard (Arctic/Longyearbyen) has been inhabited since |
1875 # before 1895, and therefore probably changed the local time somewhere |
1873 # before 1895, and therefore probably changed the local time somewhere |
1876 # between 1895 and 1925 (inclusive). |
1874 # between 1895 and 1925 (inclusive). |
1877 |
1875 |
1882 # keeping Berlin time. |
1880 # keeping Berlin time. |
1883 # |
1881 # |
1884 # <http://home.no.net/janmayen/history.htm> says that the meteorologists |
1882 # <http://home.no.net/janmayen/history.htm> says that the meteorologists |
1885 # burned down their station in 1940 and left the island, but returned in |
1883 # burned down their station in 1940 and left the island, but returned in |
1886 # 1941 with a small Norwegian garrison and continued operations despite |
1884 # 1941 with a small Norwegian garrison and continued operations despite |
1887 # frequent air ttacks from Germans. In 1943 the Americans established a |
1885 # frequent air attacks from Germans. In 1943 the Americans established a |
1888 # radiolocating station on the island, called "Atlantic City". Possibly |
1886 # radiolocating station on the island, called "Atlantic City". Possibly |
1889 # the UT offset changed during the war, but I think it unlikely that |
1887 # the UT offset changed during the war, but I think it unlikely that |
1890 # Jan Mayen used German daylight-saving rules. |
1888 # Jan Mayen used German daylight-saving rules. |
1891 # |
1889 # |
1892 # Svalbard is more complicated, as it was raided in August 1941 by an |
1890 # Svalbard is more complicated, as it was raided in August 1941 by an |
1902 # All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Oslo |
1900 # All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Oslo |
1903 # for these regions. |
1901 # for these regions. |
1904 Link Europe/Oslo Arctic/Longyearbyen |
1902 Link Europe/Oslo Arctic/Longyearbyen |
1905 |
1903 |
1906 # Poland |
1904 # Poland |
1905 |
|
1906 # The 1919 dates and times can be found in Tygodnik Urzędowy nr 1 (1919-03-20), |
|
1907 # <http://www.wbc.poznan.pl/publication/32156> pp 1-2. |
|
1908 |
|
1907 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
1909 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
1908 Rule Poland 1918 1919 - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - |
1910 Rule Poland 1918 1919 - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - |
1909 Rule Poland 1919 only - Apr 15 2:00s 1:00 S |
1911 Rule Poland 1919 only - Apr 15 2:00s 1:00 S |
1910 Rule Poland 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 S |
1912 Rule Poland 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 S |
1911 # Whitman gives 1944 Nov 30; go with Shanks & Pottenger. |
1913 # Whitman gives 1944 Nov 30; go with Shanks & Pottenger. |
1912 Rule Poland 1944 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - |
1914 Rule Poland 1944 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - |
1913 # For 1944-1948 Whitman gives the previous day; go with Shanks & Pottenger. |
1915 # For 1944-1948 Whitman gives the previous day; go with Shanks & Pottenger. |
1914 Rule Poland 1945 only - Apr 29 0:00 1:00 S |
1916 Rule Poland 1945 only - Apr 29 0:00 1:00 S |
1915 Rule Poland 1945 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - |
1917 Rule Poland 1945 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - |
1916 # For 1946 on the source is Kazimierz Borkowski, |
1918 # For 1946 on the source is Kazimierz Borkowski, |
1917 # Torun Center for Astronomy, Dept. of Radio Astronomy, Nicolaus Copernicus U., |
1919 # Toruń Center for Astronomy, Dept. of Radio Astronomy, Nicolaus Copernicus U., |
1918 # <http://www.astro.uni.torun.pl/~kb/Artykuly/U-PA/Czas2.htm#tth_tAb1> |
1920 # <http://www.astro.uni.torun.pl/~kb/Artykuly/U-PA/Czas2.htm#tth_tAb1> |
1919 # Thanks to Przemyslaw Augustyniak (2005-05-28) for this reference. |
1921 # Thanks to Przemysław Augustyniak (2005-05-28) for this reference. |
1920 # He also gives these further references: |
1922 # He also gives these further references: |
1921 # Mon Pol nr 13, poz 162 (1995) <http://www.abc.com.pl/serwis/mp/1995/0162.htm> |
1923 # Mon Pol nr 13, poz 162 (1995) <http://www.abc.com.pl/serwis/mp/1995/0162.htm> |
1922 # Druk nr 2180 (2003) <http://www.senat.gov.pl/k5/dok/sejm/053/2180.pdf> |
1924 # Druk nr 2180 (2003) <http://www.senat.gov.pl/k5/dok/sejm/053/2180.pdf> |
1923 Rule Poland 1946 only - Apr 14 0:00s 1:00 S |
1925 Rule Poland 1946 only - Apr 14 0:00s 1:00 S |
1924 Rule Poland 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - |
1926 Rule Poland 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - |
2051 0:00 EU WE%sT |
2053 0:00 EU WE%sT |
2052 |
2054 |
2053 # Romania |
2055 # Romania |
2054 # |
2056 # |
2055 # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-07): |
2057 # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-07): |
2056 # <a href="http://www.nineoclock.ro/POL/1778pol.html"> |
2058 # Nine O'clock <http://www.nineoclock.ro/POL/1778pol.html> |
2057 # Nine O'clock</a> (1998-10-23) reports that the switch occurred at |
2059 # (1998-10-23) reports that the switch occurred at |
2058 # 04:00 local time in fall 1998. For lack of better info, |
2060 # 04:00 local time in fall 1998. For lack of better info, |
2059 # assume that Romania and Moldova switched to EU rules in 1997, |
2061 # assume that Romania and Moldova switched to EU rules in 1997, |
2060 # the same year as Bulgaria. |
2062 # the same year as Bulgaria. |
2061 # |
2063 # |
2062 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
2064 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
2076 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1991 |
2078 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1991 |
2077 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1994 |
2079 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1994 |
2078 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1997 |
2080 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1997 |
2079 2:00 EU EE%sT |
2081 2:00 EU EE%sT |
2080 |
2082 |
2083 |
|
2081 # Russia |
2084 # Russia |
2082 |
2085 |
2083 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-09-15): |
2086 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-09-15): |
2084 # Based on last Russian Government Decree # 725 on August 31, 2011 |
2087 # Based on last Russian Government Decree # 725 on August 31, 2011 |
2085 # (Government document |
2088 # (Government document |
2086 # <a href="http://www.government.ru/gov/results/16355/print/"> |
|
2087 # http://www.government.ru/gov/results/16355/print/ |
2089 # http://www.government.ru/gov/results/16355/print/ |
2088 # </a> |
|
2089 # in Russian) |
2090 # in Russian) |
2090 # there are few corrections have to be made for some Russian time zones... |
2091 # there are few corrections have to be made for some Russian time zones... |
2091 # All updated Russian Time Zones were placed in table and translated to English |
2092 # All updated Russian Time Zones were placed in table and translated to English |
2092 # by WorldTimeZone.com at the link below: |
2093 # by WorldTimeZone.com at the link below: |
2093 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia36.htm"> |
|
2094 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia36.htm |
2094 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia36.htm |
2095 # </a> |
|
2096 |
2095 |
2097 # From Sanjeev Gupta (2011-09-27): |
2096 # From Sanjeev Gupta (2011-09-27): |
2098 # Scans of [Decree #23 of January 8, 1992] are available at: |
2097 # Scans of [Decree #23 of January 8, 1992] are available at: |
2099 # <a href="http://government.consultant.ru/page.aspx?1223966"> |
|
2100 # http://government.consultant.ru/page.aspx?1223966 |
2098 # http://government.consultant.ru/page.aspx?1223966 |
2101 # They are in Cyrillic letters (presumably Russian). |
2099 # They are in Cyrillic letters (presumably Russian). |
2102 |
2100 |
2103 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): |
2101 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): |
2104 # Regarding the instant when clocks in time-zone-shifting parts of Russia |
2102 # Regarding the instant when clocks in time-zone-shifting parts of Russia |
2105 # changed in September 2011: |
2103 # changed in September 2011: |
2106 # |
2104 # |
2107 # One source is |
2105 # One source is |
2108 # < a href="http://government.ru/gov/results/16355/> |
|
2109 # http://government.ru/gov/results/16355/ |
2106 # http://government.ru/gov/results/16355/ |
2110 # </a> |
|
2111 # which, according to translate.google.com, begins "Decree of August 31, |
2107 # which, according to translate.google.com, begins "Decree of August 31, |
2112 # 2011 No 725" and contains no other dates or "effective date" information. |
2108 # 2011 No 725" and contains no other dates or "effective date" information. |
2113 # |
2109 # |
2114 # Another source is |
2110 # Another source is |
2115 # <a href="http://www.rg.ru/2011/09/06/chas-zona-dok.html"> |
|
2116 # http://www.rg.ru/2011/09/06/chas-zona-dok.html |
2111 # http://www.rg.ru/2011/09/06/chas-zona-dok.html |
2117 # </a> |
|
2118 # which, according to translate.google.com, begins "Resolution of the |
2112 # which, according to translate.google.com, begins "Resolution of the |
2119 # Government of the Russian Federation on August 31, 2011 N 725" and also |
2113 # Government of the Russian Federation on August 31, 2011 N 725" and also |
2120 # contains "Date first official publication: September 6, 2011 Posted on: |
2114 # contains "Date first official publication: September 6, 2011 Posted on: |
2121 # in the 'RG' - Federal Issue number 5573 September 6, 2011" but which |
2115 # in the 'RG' - Federal Issue number 5573 September 6, 2011" but which |
2122 # does not contain any "effective date" information. |
2116 # does not contain any "effective date" information. |
2123 # |
2117 # |
2124 # Another source is |
2118 # Another source is |
2125 # <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oymyakonsky_District#cite_note-RuTime-7"> |
|
2126 # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oymyakonsky_District#cite_note-RuTime-7 |
2119 # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oymyakonsky_District#cite_note-RuTime-7 |
2127 # </a> |
|
2128 # which, in note 8, contains "Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011... |
2120 # which, in note 8, contains "Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011... |
2129 # Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication" |
2121 # Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication" |
2130 # but which does not contain any reference to September 6, 2011. |
2122 # but which does not contain any reference to September 6, 2011. |
2131 # |
2123 # |
2132 # The Wikipedia article refers to |
2124 # The Wikipedia article refers to |
2133 # <a href="http://base.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=LAW;n=118896"> |
|
2134 # http://base.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=LAW;n=118896 |
2125 # http://base.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=LAW;n=118896 |
2135 # </a> |
|
2136 # which seems to copy the text of the government.ru page. |
2126 # which seems to copy the text of the government.ru page. |
2137 # |
2127 # |
2138 # Tobias Conradi combines Wikipedia's |
2128 # Tobias Conradi combines Wikipedia's |
2139 # "as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication" |
2129 # "as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication" |
2140 # with www.rg.ru's "Date of first official publication: September 6, 2011" to get |
2130 # with www.rg.ru's "Date of first official publication: September 6, 2011" to |
2141 # September 13, 2011 as the cutover date (unusually, a Tuesday, as Tobias Conradi notes). |
2131 # get September 13, 2011 as the cutover date (unusually, a Tuesday, as Tobias |
2132 # Conradi notes). |
|
2142 # |
2133 # |
2143 # None of the sources indicates a time of day for changing clocks. |
2134 # None of the sources indicates a time of day for changing clocks. |
2144 # |
2135 # |
2145 # Go with 2011-09-13 0:00s. |
2136 # Go with 2011-09-13 0:00s. |
2137 |
|
2138 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-01): |
|
2139 # According to the Russian news (ITAR-TASS News Agency) |
|
2140 # http://en.itar-tass.com/russia/738562 |
|
2141 # the State Duma has approved ... the draft bill on returning to |
|
2142 # winter time standard and return Russia 11 time zones. The new |
|
2143 # regulations will come into effect on October 26, 2014 at 02:00 ... |
|
2144 # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/%28Spravka%29?OpenAgent&RN=431985-6&02 |
|
2145 # Here is a link where we put together table (based on approved Bill N |
|
2146 # 431985-6) with proposed 11 Russian time zones and corresponding |
|
2147 # areas/cities/administrative centers in the Russian Federation (in English): |
|
2148 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia65.html |
|
2149 # |
|
2150 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-22): |
|
2151 # Putin signed the Federal Law 431985-6 ... (in Russian) |
|
2152 # http://itar-tass.com/obschestvo/1333711 |
|
2153 # http://www.pravo.gov.ru:8080/page.aspx?111660 |
|
2154 # http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/46279 |
|
2155 # From October 26, 2014 the new Russian time zone map will looks like this: |
|
2156 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia-map-2014-07.html |
|
2146 |
2157 |
2147 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): |
2158 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): |
2148 # Except for Moscow after 1919-07-01, I invented the time zone abbreviations. |
2159 # Except for Moscow after 1919-07-01, I invented the time zone abbreviations. |
2149 # Moscow time zone abbreviations after 1919-07-01, and Moscow rules after 1991, |
2160 # Moscow time zone abbreviations after 1919-07-01, and Moscow rules after 1991, |
2150 # are from Andrey A. Chernov. The rest is from Shanks & Pottenger, |
2161 # are from Andrey A. Chernov. The rest is from Shanks & Pottenger, |
2168 # Moscow to Irkutsk in 1995, public air and rail transport in Russia ... |
2179 # Moscow to Irkutsk in 1995, public air and rail transport in Russia ... |
2169 # still follows Moscow time, no matter where in Russia it is located. |
2180 # still follows Moscow time, no matter where in Russia it is located. |
2170 # |
2181 # |
2171 # For Grozny, Chechnya, we have the following story from |
2182 # For Grozny, Chechnya, we have the following story from |
2172 # John Daniszewski, "Scavengers in the Rubble", Los Angeles Times (2001-02-07): |
2183 # John Daniszewski, "Scavengers in the Rubble", Los Angeles Times (2001-02-07): |
2173 # News--often false--is spread by word of mouth. A rumor that it was |
2184 # News - often false - is spread by word of mouth. A rumor that it was |
2174 # time to move the clocks back put this whole city out of sync with |
2185 # time to move the clocks back put this whole city out of sync with |
2175 # the rest of Russia for two weeks--even soldiers stationed here began |
2186 # the rest of Russia for two weeks - even soldiers stationed here began |
2176 # enforcing curfew at the wrong time. |
2187 # enforcing curfew at the wrong time. |
2177 # |
2188 # |
2178 # From Gwillim Law (2001-06-05): |
2189 # From Gwillim Law (2001-06-05): |
2179 # There's considerable evidence that Sakhalin Island used to be in |
2190 # There's considerable evidence that Sakhalin Island used to be in |
2180 # UTC+11, and has changed to UTC+10, in this decade. I start with the |
2191 # UTC+11, and has changed to UTC+10, in this decade. I start with the |
2181 # SSIM, which listed Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk in zone RU10 along with Magadan |
2192 # SSIM, which listed Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk in zone RU10 along with Magadan |
2182 # until February 1997, and then in RU9 with Khabarovsk and Vladivostok |
2193 # until February 1997, and then in RU9 with Khabarovsk and Vladivostok |
2183 # since September 1997.... Although the Kuril Islands are |
2194 # since September 1997.... Although the Kuril Islands are |
2184 # administratively part of Sakhalin oblast', they appear to have |
2195 # administratively part of Sakhalin oblast', they appear to have |
2185 # remained on UTC+11 along with Magadan. |
2196 # remained on UTC+11 along with Magadan. |
2186 # |
2197 |
2187 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
2198 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): |
2188 # |
2199 # The comments detailing the coverage of each Russian zone are meant to assist |
2189 # Kaliningradskaya oblast'. |
2200 # with maintenance only and represent our best guesses as to which regions |
2201 # are covered by each zone. They are not meant to be taken as an authoritative |
|
2202 # listing. The region codes listed come from |
|
2203 # http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Federal_subjects_of_Russia&oldid=611810498 |
|
2204 # and are used for convenience only; no guarantees are made regarding their |
|
2205 # future stability. ISO 3166-2:RU codes are also listed for first-level |
|
2206 # divisions where available. |
|
2207 |
|
2208 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
|
2209 |
|
2210 |
|
2211 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): |
|
2212 # Europe/Kaliningrad covers... |
|
2213 # 39 RU-KGD Kaliningrad Oblast |
|
2214 |
|
2190 Zone Europe/Kaliningrad 1:22:00 - LMT 1893 Apr |
2215 Zone Europe/Kaliningrad 1:22:00 - LMT 1893 Apr |
2191 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 |
2216 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 |
2192 2:00 Poland CE%sT 1946 |
2217 2:00 Poland CE%sT 1946 |
2193 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2218 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2194 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2219 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2195 3:00 - FET # Further-eastern European Time |
2220 3:00 - FET 2014 Oct 26 2:00s |
2196 # |
2221 2:00 - EET |
2197 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] |
2222 |
2198 # Respublika Adygeya, Arkhangel'skaya oblast', |
2223 |
2199 # Belgorodskaya oblast', Bryanskaya oblast', Vladimirskaya oblast', |
2224 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): |
2200 # Vologodskaya oblast', Voronezhskaya oblast', |
2225 # Europe/Moscow covers... |
2201 # Respublika Dagestan, Ivanovskaya oblast', Respublika Ingushetiya, |
2226 # 01 RU-AD Adygea, Republic of |
2202 # Kabarbino-Balkarskaya Respublika, Respublika Kalmykiya, |
2227 # 05 RU-DA Dagestan, Republic of |
2203 # Kalyzhskaya oblast', Respublika Karachaevo-Cherkessiya, |
2228 # 06 RU-IN Ingushetia, Republic of |
2204 # Respublika Kareliya, Respublika Komi, |
2229 # 07 RU-KB Kabardino-Balkar Republic |
2205 # Kostromskaya oblast', Krasnodarskij kraj, Kurskaya oblast', |
2230 # 08 RU-KL Kalmykia, Republic of |
2206 # Leningradskaya oblast', Lipetskaya oblast', Respublika Marij El, |
2231 # 09 RU-KC Karachay-Cherkess Republic |
2207 # Respublika Mordoviya, Moskva, Moskovskaya oblast', |
2232 # 10 RU-KR Karelia, Republic of |
2208 # Murmanskaya oblast', Nenetskij avtonomnyj okrug, |
2233 # 11 RU-KO Komi Republic |
2209 # Nizhegorodskaya oblast', Novgorodskaya oblast', Orlovskaya oblast', |
2234 # 12 RU-ME Mari El Republic |
2210 # Penzenskaya oblast', Pskovskaya oblast', Rostovskaya oblast', |
2235 # 13 RU-MO Mordovia, Republic of |
2211 # Ryazanskaya oblast', Sankt-Peterburg, |
2236 # 15 RU-SE North Ossetia-Alania, Republic of |
2212 # Respublika Severnaya Osetiya, Smolenskaya oblast', |
2237 # 16 RU-TA Tatarstan, Republic of |
2213 # Stavropol'skij kraj, Tambovskaya oblast', Respublika Tatarstan, |
2238 # 20 RU-CE Chechen Republic |
2214 # Tverskaya oblast', Tyl'skaya oblast', Ul'yanovskaya oblast', |
2239 # 21 RU-CU Chuvash Republic |
2215 # Chechenskaya Respublika, Chuvashskaya oblast', |
2240 # 23 RU-KDA Krasnodar Krai |
2216 # Yaroslavskaya oblast' |
2241 # 26 RU-STA Stavropol Krai |
2217 Zone Europe/Moscow 2:30:20 - LMT 1880 |
2242 # 29 RU-ARK Arkhangelsk Oblast |
2218 2:30 - MMT 1916 Jul 3 # Moscow Mean Time |
2243 # 31 RU-BEL Belgorod Oblast |
2219 2:30:48 Russia %s 1919 Jul 1 2:00 |
2244 # 32 RU-BRY Bryansk Oblast |
2245 # 33 RU-VLA Vladimir Oblast |
|
2246 # 35 RU-VLG Vologda Oblast |
|
2247 # 36 RU-VOR Voronezh Oblast |
|
2248 # 37 RU-IVA Ivanovo Oblast |
|
2249 # 40 RU-KLU Kaluga Oblast |
|
2250 # 44 RU-KOS Kostroma Oblast |
|
2251 # 46 RU-KRS Kursk Oblast |
|
2252 # 47 RU-LEN Leningrad Oblast |
|
2253 # 48 RU-LIP Lipetsk Oblast |
|
2254 # 50 RU-MOS Moscow Oblast |
|
2255 # 51 RU-MUR Murmansk Oblast |
|
2256 # 52 RU-NIZ Nizhny Novgorod Oblast |
|
2257 # 53 RU-NGR Novgorod Oblast |
|
2258 # 57 RU-ORL Oryol Oblast |
|
2259 # 58 RU-PNZ Penza Oblast |
|
2260 # 60 RU-PSK Pskov Oblast |
|
2261 # 61 RU-ROS Rostov Oblast |
|
2262 # 62 RU-RYA Ryazan Oblast |
|
2263 # 67 RU-SMO Smolensk Oblast |
|
2264 # 68 RU-TAM Tambov Oblast |
|
2265 # 69 RU-TVE Tver Oblast |
|
2266 # 71 RU-TUL Tula Oblast |
|
2267 # 73 RU-ULY Ulyanovsk Oblast |
|
2268 # 76 RU-YAR Yaroslavl Oblast |
|
2269 # 77 RU-MOW Moscow |
|
2270 # 78 RU-SPE Saint Petersburg |
|
2271 # 83 RU-NEN Nenets Autonomous Okrug |
|
2272 |
|
2273 # From Vladimir Karpinsky (2014-07-08): |
|
2274 # LMT in Moscow (before Jul 3, 1916) is 2:30:17, that was defined by Moscow |
|
2275 # Observatory (coordinates: 55 deg. 45'29.70", 37 deg. 34'05.30").... |
|
2276 # LMT in Moscow since Jul 3, 1916 is 2:31:01 as a result of new standard. |
|
2277 # (The info is from the book by Byalokoz E.L. New Counting of Time in Russia |
|
2278 # since July 1, 1919, p. 18.) The time in St. Petersburg as capital of Russia |
|
2279 # was defined by Pulkov observatory, near St. Petersburg. In 1916 LMT Moscow |
|
2280 # was synchronized with LMT St. Petersburg (+30 minutes), (Pulkov observatory |
|
2281 # coordinates: 59 deg. 46'18.70", 30 deg. 19'40.70") so 30 deg. 19'40.70" > |
|
2282 # 2h01m18.7s = 2:01:19. LMT Moscow = LMT St.Petersburg + 30m 2:01:19 + 0:30 = |
|
2283 # 2:31:19 ... |
|
2284 # |
|
2285 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-08): |
|
2286 # Milne does not list Moscow, but suggests that its time might be listed in |
|
2287 # Résumés mensuels et annuels des observations météorologiques (1895). |
|
2288 # Presumably this is OCLC 85825704, a journal published with parallel text in |
|
2289 # Russian and French. This source has not been located; go with Karpinsky. |
|
2290 |
|
2291 Zone Europe/Moscow 2:30:17 - LMT 1880 |
|
2292 2:30:17 - MMT 1916 Jul 3 # Moscow Mean Time |
|
2293 2:31:19 Russia %s 1919 Jul 1 2:00 |
|
2220 3:00 Russia %s 1921 Oct |
2294 3:00 Russia %s 1921 Oct |
2221 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1922 Oct |
2295 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1922 Oct |
2222 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 |
2296 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 |
2223 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2297 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2224 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2298 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2225 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2299 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2226 4:00 - MSK |
2300 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s |
2227 # |
2301 3:00 - MSK |
2228 # Astrakhanskaya oblast', Kirovskaya oblast', Saratovskaya oblast', |
2302 |
2229 # Volgogradskaya oblast'. Shanks & Pottenger say Kirov is still at +0400 |
2303 |
2230 # but Wikipedia (2006-05-09) says +0300. Perhaps it switched after the |
2304 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): |
2231 # others? But we have no data. |
2305 # Europe/Simferopol covers... |
2306 # ** **** Crimea, Republic of |
|
2307 # ** **** Sevastopol |
|
2308 |
|
2309 Zone Europe/Simferopol 2:16:24 - LMT 1880 |
|
2310 2:16 - SMT 1924 May 2 # Simferopol Mean T |
|
2311 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 |
|
2312 3:00 - MSK 1941 Nov |
|
2313 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Apr 13 |
|
2314 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 |
|
2315 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00 |
|
2316 2:00 - EET 1992 |
|
2317 # Central Crimea used Moscow time 1994/1997. |
|
2318 # |
|
2319 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): |
|
2320 # The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reports that central Crimea switched |
|
2321 # from Kiev to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections. |
|
2322 # Shanks (1999) says "date of change uncertain", but implies that it happened |
|
2323 # sometime between the 1994 DST switches. Shanks & Pottenger simply say |
|
2324 # 1994-09-25 03:00, but that can't be right. For now, guess it |
|
2325 # changed in May. |
|
2326 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1994 May |
|
2327 # From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also says that Kerch is still like Kiev. |
|
2328 3:00 E-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 3:00s |
|
2329 3:00 1:00 MSD 1996 Oct 27 3:00s |
|
2330 # IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Crimea switched to EET/EEST. |
|
2331 # Assume it happened in March by not changing the clocks. |
|
2332 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1997 |
|
2333 3:00 - MSK 1997 Mar lastSun 1:00u |
|
2334 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-03-17): |
|
2335 # time change at 2:00 (2am) on March 30, 2014 |
|
2336 # http://vz.ru/news/2014/3/17/677464.html |
|
2337 # From Paul Eggert (2014-03-30): |
|
2338 # Simferopol and Sevastopol reportedly changed their central town clocks |
|
2339 # late the previous day, but this appears to have been ceremonial |
|
2340 # and the discrepancies are small enough to not worry about. |
|
2341 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 2:00 |
|
2342 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s |
|
2343 3:00 - MSK |
|
2344 |
|
2345 |
|
2346 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): |
|
2347 # Europe/Volgograd covers... |
|
2348 # 30 RU-AST Astrakhan Oblast |
|
2349 # 34 RU-VGG Volgograd Oblast |
|
2350 # 43 RU-KIR Kirov Oblast |
|
2351 # 64 RU-SAR Saratov Oblast |
|
2352 |
|
2353 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-09): |
|
2354 # Shanks & Pottenger say Kirov is still at +0400 but Wikipedia says +0300. |
|
2355 # Perhaps it switched after the others? But we have no data. |
|
2356 |
|
2232 Zone Europe/Volgograd 2:57:40 - LMT 1920 Jan 3 |
2357 Zone Europe/Volgograd 2:57:40 - LMT 1920 Jan 3 |
2233 3:00 - TSAT 1925 Apr 6 # Tsaritsyn Time |
2358 3:00 - TSAT 1925 Apr 6 # Tsaritsyn Time |
2234 3:00 - STAT 1930 Jun 21 # Stalingrad Time |
2359 3:00 - STAT 1930 Jun 21 # Stalingrad Time |
2235 4:00 - STAT 1961 Nov 11 |
2360 4:00 - STAT 1961 Nov 11 |
2236 4:00 Russia VOL%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Volgograd T |
2361 4:00 Russia VOL%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Volgograd T |
2237 3:00 Russia VOL%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2362 3:00 Russia VOL%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2238 4:00 - VOLT 1992 Mar 29 2:00s |
2363 4:00 - VOLT 1992 Mar 29 2:00s |
2239 3:00 Russia VOL%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2364 3:00 Russia MSK 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2240 4:00 - VOLT |
2365 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s |
2241 # |
2366 3:00 - MSK |
2242 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] |
2367 |
2243 # Samarskaya oblast', Udmyrtskaya respublika |
2368 |
2369 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): |
|
2370 # Europe/Samara covers... |
|
2371 # 18 RU-UD Udmurt Republic |
|
2372 # 63 RU-SAM Samara Oblast |
|
2373 |
|
2244 Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00 |
2374 Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00 |
2245 3:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 |
2375 3:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 |
2246 4:00 - SAMT 1935 Jan 27 |
2376 4:00 - SAMT 1935 Jan 27 |
2247 4:00 Russia KUY%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Kuybyshev |
2377 4:00 Russia KUY%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Kuybyshev |
2248 3:00 Russia KUY%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2378 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2249 2:00 Russia KUY%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s |
2379 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s |
2250 3:00 - KUYT 1991 Oct 20 3:00 |
2380 3:00 - KUYT 1991 Oct 20 3:00 |
2251 4:00 Russia SAM%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s # Samara Time |
2381 4:00 Russia SAM%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s # Samara Time |
2252 3:00 Russia SAM%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2382 3:00 Russia SAM%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2253 4:00 - SAMT |
2383 4:00 - SAMT |
2254 |
2384 |
2255 # |
2385 |
2256 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] |
2386 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): |
2257 # Respublika Bashkortostan, Komi-Permyatskij avtonomnyj okrug, |
2387 # Asia/Yekaterinburg covers... |
2258 # Kurganskaya oblast', Orenburgskaya oblast', Permskaya oblast', |
2388 # 02 RU-BA Bashkortostan, Republic of |
2259 # Sverdlovskaya oblast', Tyumenskaya oblast', |
2389 # 90 RU-PER Perm Krai |
2260 # Khanty-Manskijskij avtonomnyj okrug, Chelyabinskaya oblast', |
2390 # 45 RU-KGN Kurgan Oblast |
2261 # Yamalo-Nenetskij avtonomnyj okrug. |
2391 # 56 RU-ORE Orenburg Oblast |
2262 Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg 4:02:24 - LMT 1919 Jul 15 4:00 |
2392 # 66 RU-SVE Sverdlovsk Oblast |
2393 # 72 RU-TYU Tyumen Oblast |
|
2394 # 74 RU-CHE Chelyabinsk Oblast |
|
2395 # 86 RU-KHM Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra |
|
2396 # 89 RU-YAN Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug |
|
2397 # |
|
2398 # Note: Effective 2005-12-01, (59) Perm Oblast and (81) Komi-Permyak |
|
2399 # Autonomous Okrug merged to form (90, RU-PER) Perm Krai. |
|
2400 |
|
2401 # Milne says Yekaterinburg time was 4:02:32.9; round to nearest. |
|
2402 |
|
2403 Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg 4:02:33 - LMT 1919 Jul 15 4:00 |
|
2263 4:00 - SVET 1930 Jun 21 # Sverdlovsk Time |
2404 4:00 - SVET 1930 Jun 21 # Sverdlovsk Time |
2264 5:00 Russia SVE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2405 5:00 Russia SVE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2265 4:00 Russia SVE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2406 4:00 Russia SVE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2266 5:00 Russia YEK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2407 5:00 Russia YEK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2267 6:00 - YEKT # Yekaterinburg Time |
2408 6:00 - YEKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s |
2268 # |
2409 5:00 - YEKT |
2269 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] |
2410 |
2270 # Respublika Altaj, Altajskij kraj, Omskaya oblast'. |
2411 |
2412 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): |
|
2413 # Asia/Omsk covers... |
|
2414 # 04 RU-AL Altai Republic |
|
2415 # 22 RU-ALT Altai Krai |
|
2416 # 55 RU-OMS Omsk Oblast |
|
2417 |
|
2271 Zone Asia/Omsk 4:53:36 - LMT 1919 Nov 14 |
2418 Zone Asia/Omsk 4:53:36 - LMT 1919 Nov 14 |
2272 5:00 - OMST 1930 Jun 21 # Omsk TIme |
2419 5:00 - OMST 1930 Jun 21 # Omsk Time |
2273 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2420 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2274 5:00 Russia OMS%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2421 5:00 Russia OMS%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2275 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2422 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2276 7:00 - OMST |
2423 7:00 - OMST 2014 Oct 26 2:00s |
2277 # |
2424 6:00 - OMST |
2425 |
|
2426 |
|
2427 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): |
|
2428 # Asia/Novosibirsk covers... |
|
2429 # 54 RU-NVS Novosibirsk Oblast |
|
2430 # 70 RU-TOM Tomsk Oblast |
|
2431 |
|
2278 # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-19): I'm guessing about Tomsk here; it's |
2432 # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-19): I'm guessing about Tomsk here; it's |
2279 # not clear when it switched from +7 to +6. |
2433 # not clear when it switched from +7 to +6. |
2280 # Novosibirskaya oblast', Tomskaya oblast'. |
2434 |
2281 Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 14 6:00 |
2435 Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 14 6:00 |
2282 6:00 - NOVT 1930 Jun 21 # Novosibirsk Time |
2436 6:00 - NOVT 1930 Jun 21 # Novosibirsk Time |
2283 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2437 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2284 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2438 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2285 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P. |
2439 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P. |
2286 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2440 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2287 7:00 - NOVT |
2441 7:00 - NOVT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s |
2442 6:00 - NOVT |
|
2443 |
|
2444 |
|
2445 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): |
|
2446 # Asia/Novokuznetsk covers... |
|
2447 # 42 RU-KEM Kemerovo Oblast |
|
2288 |
2448 |
2289 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-10-13): |
2449 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-10-13): |
2290 # Kemerovo oblast' (Kemerovo region) in Russia will change current time zone on |
2450 # Kemerovo oblast' (Kemerovo region) in Russia will change current time zone on |
2291 # March 28, 2010: |
2451 # March 28, 2010: |
2292 # from current Russia Zone 6 - Krasnoyarsk Time Zone (KRA) UTC +0700 |
2452 # from current Russia Zone 6 - Krasnoyarsk Time Zone (KRA) UTC +0700 |
2295 # This is according to Government of Russia decree # 740, on September |
2455 # This is according to Government of Russia decree # 740, on September |
2296 # 14, 2009 "Application in the territory of the Kemerovo region the Fifth |
2456 # 14, 2009 "Application in the territory of the Kemerovo region the Fifth |
2297 # time zone." ("Russia Zone 5" or old "USSR Zone 5" is GMT +0600) |
2457 # time zone." ("Russia Zone 5" or old "USSR Zone 5" is GMT +0600) |
2298 # |
2458 # |
2299 # Russian Government web site (Russian language) |
2459 # Russian Government web site (Russian language) |
2300 # <a href="http://www.government.ru/content/governmentactivity/rfgovernmentdecisions/archiv"> |
|
2301 # http://www.government.ru/content/governmentactivity/rfgovernmentdecisions/archive/2009/09/14/991633.htm |
2460 # http://www.government.ru/content/governmentactivity/rfgovernmentdecisions/archive/2009/09/14/991633.htm |
2302 # </a> |
|
2303 # or Russian-English translation by WorldTimeZone.com with reference |
2461 # or Russian-English translation by WorldTimeZone.com with reference |
2304 # map to local region and new Russia Time Zone map after March 28, 2010 |
2462 # map to local region and new Russia Time Zone map after March 28, 2010 |
2305 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia03.html"> |
|
2306 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia03.html |
2463 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia03.html |
2307 # </a> |
|
2308 # |
2464 # |
2309 # Thus, when Russia will switch to DST on the night of March 28, 2010 |
2465 # Thus, when Russia will switch to DST on the night of March 28, 2010 |
2310 # Kemerovo region (Kemerovo oblast') will not change the clock. |
2466 # Kemerovo region (Kemerovo oblast') will not change the clock. |
2311 # |
2467 # |
2312 # As a result, Kemerovo oblast' will be in the same time zone as |
2468 # As a result, Kemerovo oblast' will be in the same time zone as |
2313 # Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Barnaul and Altai Republic. |
2469 # Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Barnaul and Altai Republic. |
2470 |
|
2471 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-02), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02): |
|
2472 # The Kemerovo region will remain at UTC+7 through the 2014-10-26 change, thus |
|
2473 # realigning itself with KRAT. |
|
2314 |
2474 |
2315 Zone Asia/Novokuznetsk 5:48:48 - NMT 1920 Jan 6 |
2475 Zone Asia/Novokuznetsk 5:48:48 - NMT 1920 Jan 6 |
2316 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time |
2476 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time |
2317 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2477 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2318 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2478 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2319 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s |
2479 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s |
2320 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2480 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s # Novosibirsk T |
2321 7:00 - NOVT # Novosibirsk/Novokuznetsk Time |
2481 7:00 - NOVT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s |
2322 |
2482 7:00 - KRAT # Krasnoyarsk Time |
2323 # |
2483 |
2324 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] |
2484 |
2325 # Krasnoyarskij kraj, |
2485 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): |
2326 # Tajmyrskij (Dolgano-Nenetskij) avtonomnyj okrug, |
2486 # Asia/Krasnoyarsk covers... |
2327 # Respublika Tuva, Respublika Khakasiya, Evenkijskij avtonomnyj okrug. |
2487 # 17 RU-TY Tuva Republic |
2488 # 19 RU-KK Khakassia, Republic of |
|
2489 # 24 RU-KYA Krasnoyarsk Krai |
|
2490 # |
|
2491 # Note: Effective 2007-01-01, (88) Evenk Autonomous Okrug and (84) Taymyr |
|
2492 # Autonomous Okrug were merged into (24, RU-KYA) Krasnoyarsk Krai. |
|
2493 |
|
2328 Zone Asia/Krasnoyarsk 6:11:20 - LMT 1920 Jan 6 |
2494 Zone Asia/Krasnoyarsk 6:11:20 - LMT 1920 Jan 6 |
2329 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time |
2495 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time |
2330 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2496 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2331 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2497 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2332 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2498 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2333 8:00 - KRAT |
2499 8:00 - KRAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s |
2334 # |
2500 7:00 - KRAT |
2335 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] |
2501 |
2336 # Respublika Buryatiya, Irkutskaya oblast', |
2502 |
2337 # Ust'-Ordynskij Buryatskij avtonomnyj okrug. |
2503 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): |
2338 Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:20 - LMT 1880 |
2504 # Asia/Irkutsk covers... |
2339 6:57:20 - IMT 1920 Jan 25 # Irkutsk Mean Time |
2505 # 03 RU-BU Buryatia, Republic of |
2506 # 38 RU-IRK Irkutsk Oblast |
|
2507 # |
|
2508 # Note: Effective 2008-01-01, (85) Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug was |
|
2509 # merged into (38, RU-IRK) Irkutsk Oblast. |
|
2510 |
|
2511 # Milne says Irkutsk time was 6:57:15. |
|
2512 |
|
2513 Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:15 - LMT 1880 |
|
2514 6:57:15 - IMT 1920 Jan 25 # Irkutsk Mean Time |
|
2340 7:00 - IRKT 1930 Jun 21 # Irkutsk Time |
2515 7:00 - IRKT 1930 Jun 21 # Irkutsk Time |
2341 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2516 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2342 7:00 Russia IRK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2517 7:00 Russia IRK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2343 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2518 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2344 9:00 - IRKT |
2519 9:00 - IRKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s |
2345 # |
2520 8:00 - IRKT |
2346 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2003-10-18): [This region consists of] |
2521 |
2347 # Aginskij Buryatskij avtonomnyj okrug, Amurskaya oblast', |
2522 |
2348 # [parts of] Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya), Chitinskaya oblast'. |
2523 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): |
2349 |
2524 # Asia/Chita covers... |
2350 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): |
2525 # 92 RU-ZAB Zabaykalsky Krai |
2351 # ...some regions of [Russia] were merged with others since 2005... |
2526 # |
2352 # Some names were changed, no big deal, except for one instance: a new name. |
2527 # Note: Effective 2008-03-01, (75) Chita Oblast and (80) Agin-Buryat |
2353 # YAK/YAKST: UTC+9 Zabajkal'skij kraj. |
2528 # Autonomous Okrug merged to form (92, RU-ZAB) Zabaykalsky Krai. |
2354 |
2529 |
2355 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): |
2530 Zone Asia/Chita 7:33:52 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 |
2356 # The Sakha districts are: Aldanskij, Amginskij, Anabarskij, |
2531 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time |
2357 # Verkhnevilyujskij, Vilyujskij, Gornyj, |
2532 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2358 # Zhiganskij, Kobyajskij, Lenskij, Megino-Kangalasskij, Mirninskij, |
2533 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2359 # Namskij, Nyurbinskij, Olenyokskij, Olyokminskij, |
2534 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2360 # Suntarskij, Tattinskij, Ust'-Aldanskij, Khangalasskij, |
2535 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s |
2361 # Churapchinskij, Eveno-Bytantajskij Natsional'nij. |
2536 8:00 - IRKT |
2537 |
|
2538 |
|
2539 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): |
|
2540 # Asia/Yakutsk covers... |
|
2541 # 28 RU-AMU Amur Oblast |
|
2542 # |
|
2543 # ...and parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: |
|
2544 # 14-02 **** Aldansky District |
|
2545 # 14-04 **** Amginsky District |
|
2546 # 14-05 **** Anabarsky District |
|
2547 # 14-06 **** Bulunsky District |
|
2548 # 14-07 **** Verkhnevilyuysky District |
|
2549 # 14-10 **** Vilyuysky District |
|
2550 # 14-11 **** Gorny District |
|
2551 # 14-12 **** Zhigansky District |
|
2552 # 14-13 **** Kobyaysky District |
|
2553 # 14-14 **** Lensky District |
|
2554 # 14-15 **** Megino-Kangalassky District |
|
2555 # 14-16 **** Mirninsky District |
|
2556 # 14-18 **** Namsky District |
|
2557 # 14-19 **** Neryungrinsky District |
|
2558 # 14-21 **** Nyurbinsky District |
|
2559 # 14-23 **** Olenyoksky District |
|
2560 # 14-24 **** Olyokminsky District |
|
2561 # 14-26 **** Suntarsky District |
|
2562 # 14-27 **** Tattinsky District |
|
2563 # 14-29 **** Ust-Aldansky District |
|
2564 # 14-32 **** Khangalassky District |
|
2565 # 14-33 **** Churapchinsky District |
|
2566 # 14-34 **** Eveno-Bytantaysky National District |
|
2567 |
|
2568 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): |
|
2569 # Our commentary seems to have lost mention of (14-19) Neryungrinsky District. |
|
2570 # Since the surrounding districts of Sakha are all YAKT, assume this is, too. |
|
2571 # Also assume its history has been the same as the rest of Asia/Yakutsk. |
|
2362 |
2572 |
2363 Zone Asia/Yakutsk 8:38:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 |
2573 Zone Asia/Yakutsk 8:38:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 |
2364 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time |
2574 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time |
2365 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2575 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2366 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2576 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2367 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2577 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2368 10:00 - YAKT |
2578 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s |
2369 # |
2579 9:00 - YAKT |
2370 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2003-10-18): [This region consists of] |
2580 |
2371 # Evrejskaya avtonomnaya oblast', Khabarovskij kraj, Primorskij kraj, |
2581 |
2372 # [parts of] Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya). |
2582 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): |
2373 |
2583 # Asia/Vladivostok covers... |
2374 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): |
2584 # 25 RU-PRI Primorsky Krai |
2375 # The Sakha districts are: Bulunskij, Verkhoyanskij, ... Ust'-Yanskij. |
2585 # 27 RU-KHA Khabarovsk Krai |
2376 Zone Asia/Vladivostok 8:47:44 - LMT 1922 Nov 15 |
2586 # 79 RU-YEV Jewish Autonomous Oblast |
2587 # |
|
2588 # ...and parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: |
|
2589 # 14-09 **** Verkhoyansky District |
|
2590 # 14-31 **** Ust-Yansky District |
|
2591 |
|
2592 # Milne says Vladivostok time was 8:47:33.5; round to nearest. |
|
2593 |
|
2594 Zone Asia/Vladivostok 8:47:34 - LMT 1922 Nov 15 |
|
2377 9:00 - VLAT 1930 Jun 21 # Vladivostok Time |
2595 9:00 - VLAT 1930 Jun 21 # Vladivostok Time |
2378 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2596 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2379 9:00 Russia VLA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2597 9:00 Russia VLA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2380 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2598 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2381 11:00 - VLAT |
2599 11:00 - VLAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s |
2600 10:00 - VLAT |
|
2601 |
|
2602 |
|
2603 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): |
|
2604 # Asia/Khandyga covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: |
|
2605 # 14-28 **** Tomponsky District |
|
2606 # 14-30 **** Ust-Maysky District |
|
2382 |
2607 |
2383 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): |
2608 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): |
2384 # Tomponskij and Ust'-Majskij switched from Vladivostok time to Yakutsk time |
2609 # Tomponskij and Ust'-Majskij switched from Vladivostok time to Yakutsk time |
2385 # in 2011. |
2610 # in 2011. |
2386 # |
2611 |
2387 # From Paul Eggert (2012-11-25): |
2612 # From Paul Eggert (2012-11-25): |
2388 # Shanks and Pottenger (2003) has Khandyga on Yakutsk time. |
2613 # Shanks and Pottenger (2003) has Khandyga on Yakutsk time. |
2389 # Make a wild guess that it switched to Vladivostok time in 2004. |
2614 # Make a wild guess that it switched to Vladivostok time in 2004. |
2390 # This transition is no doubt wrong, but we have no better info. |
2615 # This transition is no doubt wrong, but we have no better info. |
2391 # |
2616 |
2392 Zone Asia/Khandyga 9:02:13 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 |
2617 Zone Asia/Khandyga 9:02:13 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 |
2393 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time |
2618 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time |
2394 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2619 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2395 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2620 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2396 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2004 |
2621 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2004 |
2397 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2622 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2398 11:00 - VLAT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? |
2623 11:00 - VLAT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? |
2399 10:00 - YAKT |
2624 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s |
2400 |
2625 9:00 - YAKT |
2401 # |
2626 |
2402 # Sakhalinskaya oblast'. |
2627 |
2403 # The Zone name should be Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, but that's too long. |
2628 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): |
2629 # Asia/Sakhalin covers... |
|
2630 # 65 RU-SAK Sakhalin Oblast |
|
2631 # ...with the exception of: |
|
2632 # 65-11 **** Severo-Kurilsky District (North Kuril Islands) |
|
2633 |
|
2634 # The Zone name should be Asia/Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, but that's too long. |
|
2404 Zone Asia/Sakhalin 9:30:48 - LMT 1905 Aug 23 |
2635 Zone Asia/Sakhalin 9:30:48 - LMT 1905 Aug 23 |
2405 9:00 - CJT 1938 |
2636 9:00 - JCST 1937 Oct 1 |
2406 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 25 |
2637 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 25 |
2407 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T. |
2638 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T. |
2408 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2639 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2409 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s |
2640 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s |
2410 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2641 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2411 11:00 - SAKT |
2642 11:00 - SAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s |
2412 # |
2643 10:00 - SAKT |
2413 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2003-10-18): [This region consists of] |
2644 |
2414 # Magadanskaya oblast', Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya). |
2645 |
2415 # Probably also: Kuril Islands. |
2646 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): |
2416 |
2647 # Asia/Magadan covers... |
2417 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): |
2648 # 49 RU-MAG Magadan Oblast |
2418 # The Sakha districts are: Abyjskij, Allaikhovskij, Verkhhhnekolymskij, Momskij, |
2649 |
2419 # Nizhnekolymskij, ... Srednekolymskij. |
2650 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02): |
2651 # Magadan Oblast is moving from UTC+12 to UTC+10 on 2014-10-26; however, |
|
2652 # several districts of Sakha Republic as well as Severo-Kurilsky District of |
|
2653 # the Sakhalin Oblast (also known as the North Kuril Islands), represented |
|
2654 # until now by Asia/Magadan, will instead move to UTC+11. These regions will |
|
2655 # need their own zone. |
|
2656 |
|
2420 Zone Asia/Magadan 10:03:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 |
2657 Zone Asia/Magadan 10:03:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 |
2421 10:00 - MAGT 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time |
2658 10:00 - MAGT 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time |
2422 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2659 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2423 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2660 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2424 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2661 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2425 12:00 - MAGT |
2662 12:00 - MAGT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s |
2663 10:00 - MAGT |
|
2664 |
|
2665 |
|
2666 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): |
|
2667 # Asia/Srednekolymsk covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: |
|
2668 # 14-01 **** Abyysky District |
|
2669 # 14-03 **** Allaikhovsky District |
|
2670 # 14-08 **** Verkhnekolymsky District |
|
2671 # 14-17 **** Momsky District |
|
2672 # 14-20 **** Nizhnekolymsky District |
|
2673 # 14-25 **** Srednekolymsky District |
|
2674 # |
|
2675 # ...and parts of (65, RU-SAK) Sakhalin Oblast: |
|
2676 # 65-11 **** Severo-Kurilsky District (North Kuril Islands) |
|
2677 |
|
2678 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-02): |
|
2679 # Oymyakonsky District of Sakha Republic (represented by Ust-Nera), along with |
|
2680 # most of Sakhalin Oblast (represented by Sakhalin) will be moving to UTC+10 on |
|
2681 # 2014-10-26 to stay aligned with VLAT/SAKT; however, Severo-Kurilsky District |
|
2682 # of the Sakhalin Oblast (also known as the North Kuril Islands, represented by |
|
2683 # Severo-Kurilsk) will remain on UTC+11. |
|
2684 |
|
2685 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): |
|
2686 # Assume North Kuril Islands have history like Magadan before 2011-03-27. |
|
2687 # There is a decent chance this is wrong, in which case a new zone |
|
2688 # Asia/Severo-Kurilsk would become necessary. |
|
2689 # |
|
2690 # Srednekolymsk and Zyryanka are the most populous places amongst these |
|
2691 # districts, but have very similar populations. In fact, Wikipedia currently |
|
2692 # lists them both as having 3528 people, exactly 1668 males and 1860 females |
|
2693 # each! (Yikes!) |
|
2694 # http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Srednekolymsky_District&oldid=603435276 |
|
2695 # http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Verkhnekolymsky_District&oldid=594378493 |
|
2696 # Assume this is a mistake, albeit an amusing one. |
|
2697 # |
|
2698 # Looking at censuses, the populations of the two municipalities seem to have |
|
2699 # fluctuated recently. Zyryanka was more populous than Srednekolymsk in the |
|
2700 # 1989 and 2002 censuses, but Srednekolymsk was more populous in the most |
|
2701 # recent (2010) census, 3525 to 3170. (See pages 195 and 197 of |
|
2702 # http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/Documents/Vol1/pub-01-05.pdf |
|
2703 # in Russian.) In addition, Srednekolymsk appears to be a much older |
|
2704 # settlement and the population of Zyryanka seems to be declining. |
|
2705 # Go with Srednekolymsk. |
|
2706 # |
|
2707 # Since Magadan Oblast moves to UTC+10 on 2014-10-26, we cannot keep using MAGT |
|
2708 # as the abbreviation. Use SRET instead. |
|
2709 |
|
2710 Zone Asia/Srednekolymsk 10:14:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 |
|
2711 10:00 - MAGT 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time |
|
2712 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
|
2713 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
|
2714 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
|
2715 12:00 - MAGT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s |
|
2716 11:00 - SRET # Srednekolymsk Time |
|
2717 |
|
2718 |
|
2719 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): |
|
2720 # Asia/Ust-Nera covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: |
|
2721 # 14-22 **** Oymyakonsky District |
|
2426 |
2722 |
2427 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): |
2723 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): |
2428 # Ojmyakonskij and the Kuril Islands switched from |
2724 # Ojmyakonskij [and the Kuril Islands] switched from |
2429 # Magadan time to Vladivostok time in 2011. |
2725 # Magadan time to Vladivostok time in 2011. |
2726 # |
|
2727 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02): |
|
2728 # It's unlikely that any of the Kuril Islands were involved in such a switch, |
|
2729 # as the South and Middle Kurils have been on UTC+11 (SAKT) with the rest of |
|
2730 # Sakhalin Oblast since at least 2011-09, and the North Kurils have been on |
|
2731 # UTC+12 since at least then, too. |
|
2732 |
|
2430 Zone Asia/Ust-Nera 9:32:54 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 |
2733 Zone Asia/Ust-Nera 9:32:54 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 |
2431 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time |
2734 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time |
2432 9:00 Russia YAKT 1981 Apr 1 |
2735 9:00 Russia YAKT 1981 Apr 1 |
2433 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2736 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2434 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2737 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2435 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2738 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2436 12:00 - MAGT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? |
2739 12:00 - MAGT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? |
2437 11:00 - VLAT |
2740 11:00 - VLAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s |
2438 |
2741 10:00 - VLAT |
2439 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] |
2742 |
2440 # Kamchatskaya oblast', Koryakskij avtonomnyj okrug. |
2743 |
2441 # |
2744 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): |
2442 # The Zone name should be Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski, but that's too long. |
2745 # Asia/Kamchatka covers... |
2746 # 91 RU-KAM Kamchatka Krai |
|
2747 # |
|
2748 # Note: Effective 2007-07-01, (41) Kamchatka Oblast and (82) Koryak |
|
2749 # Autonomous Okrug merged to form (91, RU-KAM) Kamchatka Krai. |
|
2750 |
|
2751 # The Zone name should be Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski or perhaps |
|
2752 # Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, but these are too long. |
|
2443 Zone Asia/Kamchatka 10:34:36 - LMT 1922 Nov 10 |
2753 Zone Asia/Kamchatka 10:34:36 - LMT 1922 Nov 10 |
2444 11:00 - PETT 1930 Jun 21 # P-K Time |
2754 11:00 - PETT 1930 Jun 21 # P-K Time |
2445 12:00 Russia PET%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2755 12:00 Russia PET%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2446 11:00 Russia PET%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2756 11:00 Russia PET%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2447 12:00 Russia PET%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s |
2757 12:00 Russia PET%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s |
2448 11:00 Russia PET%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2758 11:00 Russia PET%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2449 12:00 - PETT |
2759 12:00 - PETT |
2450 # |
2760 |
2451 # Chukotskij avtonomnyj okrug |
2761 |
2762 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): |
|
2763 # Asia/Anadyr covers... |
|
2764 # 87 RU-CHU Chukotka Autonomous Okrug |
|
2765 |
|
2452 Zone Asia/Anadyr 11:49:56 - LMT 1924 May 2 |
2766 Zone Asia/Anadyr 11:49:56 - LMT 1924 May 2 |
2453 12:00 - ANAT 1930 Jun 21 # Anadyr Time |
2767 12:00 - ANAT 1930 Jun 21 # Anadyr Time |
2454 13:00 Russia ANA%sT 1982 Apr 1 0:00s |
2768 13:00 Russia ANA%sT 1982 Apr 1 0:00s |
2455 12:00 Russia ANA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2769 12:00 Russia ANA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
2456 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2770 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s |
2457 12:00 Russia ANA%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s |
2771 12:00 Russia ANA%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s |
2458 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2772 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
2459 12:00 - ANAT |
2773 12:00 - ANAT |
2460 |
2774 |
2775 |
|
2461 # San Marino |
2776 # San Marino |
2462 # See Europe/Rome. |
2777 # See Europe/Rome. |
2463 |
2778 |
2464 # Serbia |
2779 # Serbia |
2465 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
2780 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
2466 Zone Europe/Belgrade 1:22:00 - LMT 1884 |
2781 Zone Europe/Belgrade 1:22:00 - LMT 1884 |
2467 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 |
2782 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 |
2468 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 |
2783 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 |
2469 1:00 - CET 1945 May 8 2:00s |
2784 1:00 - CET 1945 May 8 2:00s |
2470 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s |
2785 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s |
2471 # Metod Kozelj reports that the legal date of |
2786 # Metod Koželj reports that the legal date of |
2472 # transition to EU rules was 1982-11-27, for all of Yugoslavia at the time. |
2787 # transition to EU rules was 1982-11-27, for all of Yugoslavia at the time. |
2473 # Shanks & Pottenger don't give as much detail, so go with Kozelj. |
2788 # Shanks & Pottenger don't give as much detail, so go with Koželj. |
2474 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 |
2789 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 |
2475 1:00 EU CE%sT |
2790 1:00 EU CE%sT |
2476 Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Ljubljana # Slovenia |
2791 Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Ljubljana # Slovenia |
2477 Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Podgorica # Montenegro |
2792 Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Podgorica # Montenegro |
2478 Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Sarajevo # Bosnia and Herzegovina |
2793 Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Sarajevo # Bosnia and Herzegovina |
2559 |
2874 |
2560 # Sweden |
2875 # Sweden |
2561 |
2876 |
2562 # From Ivan Nilsson (2001-04-13), superseding Shanks & Pottenger: |
2877 # From Ivan Nilsson (2001-04-13), superseding Shanks & Pottenger: |
2563 # |
2878 # |
2564 # The law "Svensk forfattningssamling 1878, no 14" about standard time in 1879: |
2879 # The law "Svensk författningssamling 1878, no 14" about standard time in 1879: |
2565 # From the beginning of 1879 (that is 01-01 00:00) the time for all |
2880 # From the beginning of 1879 (that is 01-01 00:00) the time for all |
2566 # places in the country is "the mean solar time for the meridian at |
2881 # places in the country is "the mean solar time for the meridian at |
2567 # three degrees, or twelve minutes of time, to the west of the |
2882 # three degrees, or twelve minutes of time, to the west of the |
2568 # meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated 1878-05-31. |
2883 # meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated 1878-05-31. |
2569 # |
2884 # |
2570 # The observatory at that time had the meridian 18 degrees 03' 30" |
2885 # The observatory at that time had the meridian 18 degrees 03' 30" |
2571 # eastern longitude = 01:12:14 in time. Less 12 minutes gives the |
2886 # eastern longitude = 01:12:14 in time. Less 12 minutes gives the |
2572 # national standard time as 01:00:14 ahead of GMT.... |
2887 # national standard time as 01:00:14 ahead of GMT.... |
2573 # |
2888 # |
2574 # About the beginning of CET in Sweden. The lawtext ("Svensk |
2889 # About the beginning of CET in Sweden. The lawtext ("Svensk |
2575 # forfattningssamling 1899, no 44") states, that "from the beginning |
2890 # författningssamling 1899, no 44") states, that "from the beginning |
2576 # of 1900... ... the same as the mean solar time for the meridian at |
2891 # of 1900... ... the same as the mean solar time for the meridian at |
2577 # the distance of one hour of time from the meridian of the English |
2892 # the distance of one hour of time from the meridian of the English |
2578 # observatory at Greenwich, or at 12 minutes 14 seconds to the west |
2893 # observatory at Greenwich, or at 12 minutes 14 seconds to the west |
2579 # from the meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated |
2894 # from the meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated |
2580 # 1899-06-16. In short: At 1900-01-01 00:00:00 the new standard time |
2895 # 1899-06-16. In short: At 1900-01-01 00:00:00 the new standard time |
2581 # in Sweden is 01:00:00 ahead of GMT. |
2896 # in Sweden is 01:00:00 ahead of GMT. |
2582 # |
2897 # |
2583 # 1916: The lawtext ("Svensk forfattningssamling 1916, no 124") states |
2898 # 1916: The lawtext ("Svensk författningssamling 1916, no 124") states |
2584 # that "1916-05-15 is considered to begin one hour earlier". It is |
2899 # that "1916-05-15 is considered to begin one hour earlier". It is |
2585 # pretty obvious that at 05-14 23:00 the clocks are set to 05-15 00:00.... |
2900 # pretty obvious that at 05-14 23:00 the clocks are set to 05-15 00:00.... |
2586 # Further the law says, that "1916-09-30 is considered to end one hour later". |
2901 # Further the law says, that "1916-09-30 is considered to end one hour later". |
2587 # |
2902 # |
2588 # The laws regulating [DST] are available on the site of the Swedish |
2903 # The laws regulating [DST] are available on the site of the Swedish |
2589 # Parliament beginning with 1985 - the laws regulating 1980/1984 are |
2904 # Parliament beginning with 1985 - the laws regulating 1980/1984 are |
2590 # not available on the site (to my knowledge they are only available |
2905 # not available on the site (to my knowledge they are only available |
2591 # in Swedish): <http://www.riksdagen.se/english/work/sfst.asp> (type |
2906 # in Swedish): <http://www.riksdagen.se/english/work/sfst.asp> (type |
2592 # "sommartid" without the quotes in the field "Fritext" and then click |
2907 # "sommartid" without the quotes in the field "Fritext" and then click |
2593 # the Sok-button). |
2908 # the Sök-button). |
2594 # |
2909 # |
2595 # (2001-05-13): |
2910 # (2001-05-13): |
2596 # |
2911 # |
2597 # I have now found a newspaper stating that at 1916-10-01 01:00 |
2912 # I have now found a newspaper stating that at 1916-10-01 01:00 |
2598 # summertime the church-clocks etc were set back one hour to show |
2913 # summertime the church-clocks etc were set back one hour to show |
2613 |
2928 |
2614 # Switzerland |
2929 # Switzerland |
2615 # From Howse: |
2930 # From Howse: |
2616 # By the end of the 18th century clocks and watches became commonplace |
2931 # By the end of the 18th century clocks and watches became commonplace |
2617 # and their performance improved enormously. Communities began to keep |
2932 # and their performance improved enormously. Communities began to keep |
2618 # mean time in preference to apparent time -- Geneva from 1780 .... |
2933 # mean time in preference to apparent time - Geneva from 1780 .... |
2619 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
2934 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
2620 # From Whitman (who writes "Midnight?"): |
2935 # From Whitman (who writes "Midnight?"): |
2621 # Rule Swiss 1940 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S |
2936 # Rule Swiss 1940 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S |
2622 # Rule Swiss 1940 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 - |
2937 # Rule Swiss 1940 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 - |
2623 # From Shanks & Pottenger: |
2938 # From Shanks & Pottenger: |
2629 # |
2944 # |
2630 # As I wrote in an earlier message, I suspected the current tzdata values |
2945 # As I wrote in an earlier message, I suspected the current tzdata values |
2631 # to be wrong. This is now verified. |
2946 # to be wrong. This is now verified. |
2632 # |
2947 # |
2633 # I have found copies of the original ruling by the Swiss Federal |
2948 # I have found copies of the original ruling by the Swiss Federal |
2634 # government, in 'Eidgen[o]ssische Gesetzessammlung 1941 and 1942' (Swiss |
2949 # government, in 'Eidgenössische Gesetzessammlung 1941 and 1942' (Swiss |
2635 # federal law collection)... |
2950 # federal law collection)... |
2636 # |
2951 # |
2637 # DST began on Monday 5 May 1941, 1:00 am by shifting the clocks to 2:00 am |
2952 # DST began on Monday 5 May 1941, 1:00 am by shifting the clocks to 2:00 am |
2638 # DST ended on Monday 6 Oct 1941, 2:00 am by shifting the clocks to 1:00 am. |
2953 # DST ended on Monday 6 Oct 1941, 2:00 am by shifting the clocks to 1:00 am. |
2639 # |
2954 # |
2648 # Newspaper articles I have read in the archives on 6 May 1941 reported |
2963 # Newspaper articles I have read in the archives on 6 May 1941 reported |
2649 # about the introduction of DST (Sommerzeit in German) during the previous |
2964 # about the introduction of DST (Sommerzeit in German) during the previous |
2650 # night as an absolute novelty, because this was the first time that such |
2965 # night as an absolute novelty, because this was the first time that such |
2651 # a thing had happened in Switzerland. |
2966 # a thing had happened in Switzerland. |
2652 # |
2967 # |
2653 # I have also checked 1916, because one book source (Gabriel, Traite de |
2968 # I have also checked 1916, because one book source (Gabriel, Traité de |
2654 # l'heure dans le monde) claims that Switzerland had DST in 1916. This is |
2969 # l'heure dans le monde) claims that Switzerland had DST in 1916. This is |
2655 # false, no official document could be found. Probably Gabriel got misled |
2970 # false, no official document could be found. Probably Gabriel got misled |
2656 # by references to Germany, which introduced DST in 1916 for the first time. |
2971 # by references to Germany, which introduced DST in 1916 for the first time. |
2657 # |
2972 # |
2658 # The tzdata rules for Switzerland must be changed to: |
2973 # The tzdata rules for Switzerland must be changed to: |
2662 # The 1940 rules must be deleted. |
2977 # The 1940 rules must be deleted. |
2663 # |
2978 # |
2664 # One further detail for Switzerland, which is probably out of scope for |
2979 # One further detail for Switzerland, which is probably out of scope for |
2665 # most users of tzdata: The [Europe/Zurich zone] ... |
2980 # most users of tzdata: The [Europe/Zurich zone] ... |
2666 # describes all of Switzerland correctly, with the exception of |
2981 # describes all of Switzerland correctly, with the exception of |
2667 # the Cantone Geneve (Geneva, Genf). Between 1848 and 1894 Geneve did not |
2982 # the Canton de Genève (Geneva, Genf). Between 1848 and 1894 Geneva did not |
2668 # follow Bern Mean Time but kept its own local mean time. |
2983 # follow Bern Mean Time but kept its own local mean time. |
2669 # To represent this, an extra zone would be needed. |
2984 # To represent this, an extra zone would be needed. |
2670 # |
2985 # |
2671 # From Alois Treindl (2013-09-11): |
2986 # From Alois Treindl (2013-09-11): |
2672 # The Federal regulations say |
2987 # The Federal regulations say |
2673 # http://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20071096/index.html |
2988 # http://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20071096/index.html |
2674 # ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7 degrees 26'22.50". |
2989 # ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7 degrees 26' 22.50". |
2675 # Expressed in time, it is 0h29m45.5s. |
2990 # Expressed in time, it is 0h29m45.5s. |
2676 |
2991 |
2677 # From Pierre-Yves Berger (2013-09-11): |
2992 # From Pierre-Yves Berger (2013-09-11): |
2678 # the "Circulaire du conseil federal" (December 11 1893) |
2993 # the "Circulaire du conseil fédéral" (December 11 1893) |
2679 # <http://www.amtsdruckschriften.bar.admin.ch/viewOrigDoc.do?id=10071353> ... |
2994 # <http://www.amtsdruckschriften.bar.admin.ch/viewOrigDoc.do?id=10071353> ... |
2680 # clearly states that the [1894-06-01] change should be done at midnight |
2995 # clearly states that the [1894-06-01] change should be done at midnight |
2681 # but if no one is present after 11 at night, could be postponed until one |
2996 # but if no one is present after 11 at night, could be postponed until one |
2682 # hour before the beginning of service. |
2997 # hour before the beginning of service. |
2683 |
2998 |
2685 # Round BMT to the nearest even second, 0:29:46. |
3000 # Round BMT to the nearest even second, 0:29:46. |
2686 # |
3001 # |
2687 # We can find no reliable source for Shanks's assertion that all of Switzerland |
3002 # We can find no reliable source for Shanks's assertion that all of Switzerland |
2688 # except Geneva switched to Bern Mean Time at 00:00 on 1848-09-12. This book: |
3003 # except Geneva switched to Bern Mean Time at 00:00 on 1848-09-12. This book: |
2689 # |
3004 # |
2690 # Jakob Messerli. Gleichmassig, punktlich, schnell: Zeiteinteilung und |
3005 # Jakob Messerli. Gleichmässig, pünktlich, schnell. Zeiteinteilung und |
2691 # Zeitgebrauch in der Schweiz im 19. Jahrhundert. Chronos, Zurich 1995, |
3006 # Zeitgebrauch in der Schweiz im 19. Jahrhundert. Chronos, Zurich 1995, |
2692 # ISBN 3-905311-68-2, OCLC 717570797. |
3007 # ISBN 3-905311-68-2, OCLC 717570797. |
2693 # |
3008 # |
2694 # suggests that the transition was more gradual, and that the Swiss did not |
3009 # suggests that the transition was more gradual, and that the Swiss did not |
2695 # agree about civil time during the transition. The timekeeping it gives the |
3010 # agree about civil time during the transition. The timekeeping it gives the |
2696 # most detail for is postal and telegraph time: here, federal legislation (the |
3011 # most detail for is postal and telegraph time: here, federal legislation (the |
2697 # "Bundesgesetz uber die Erstellung von elektrischen Telegraphen") passed on |
3012 # "Bundesgesetz über die Erstellung von elektrischen Telegraphen") passed on |
2698 # 1851-11-23, and an official implementation notice was published 1853-07-16 |
3013 # 1851-11-23, and an official implementation notice was published 1853-07-16 |
2699 # (Bundesblatt 1853, Bd. II, S. 859). On p 72 Messerli writes that in |
3014 # (Bundesblatt 1853, Bd. II, S. 859). On p 72 Messerli writes that in |
2700 # practice since July 1853 Bernese time was used in "all postal and telegraph |
3015 # practice since July 1853 Bernese time was used in "all postal and telegraph |
2701 # offices in Switzerland from Geneva to St. Gallen and Basel to Chiasso" |
3016 # offices in Switzerland from Geneva to St. Gallen and Basel to Chiasso" |
2702 # (Google translation). For now, model this transition as occurring on |
3017 # (Google translation). For now, model this transition as occurring on |
2714 |
3029 |
2715 # Turkey |
3030 # Turkey |
2716 |
3031 |
2717 # From Amar Devegowda (2007-01-03): |
3032 # From Amar Devegowda (2007-01-03): |
2718 # The time zone rules for Istanbul, Turkey have not been changed for years now. |
3033 # The time zone rules for Istanbul, Turkey have not been changed for years now. |
2719 # ... The latest rules are available at - |
3034 # ... The latest rules are available at: |
2720 # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=107 |
3035 # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=107 |
2721 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-01-03): |
3036 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-01-03): |
2722 # I have been able to find press records back to 1996 which all say that |
3037 # I have been able to find press records back to 1996 which all say that |
2723 # DST started 01:00 local time and end at 02:00 local time. I am not sure |
3038 # DST started 01:00 local time and end at 02:00 local time. I am not sure |
2724 # what happened before that. One example for each year from 1996 to 2001: |
3039 # what happened before that. One example for each year from 1996 to 2001: |
2739 # http://rega.basbakanlik.gov.tr/eskiler/2007/03/20070307-7.htm |
3054 # http://rega.basbakanlik.gov.tr/eskiler/2007/03/20070307-7.htm |
2740 # I was able to locate the following seemingly official document |
3055 # I was able to locate the following seemingly official document |
2741 # (on a non-government server though) describing dates between 2002 and 2006: |
3056 # (on a non-government server though) describing dates between 2002 and 2006: |
2742 # http://www.alomaliye.com/bkk_2002_3769.htm |
3057 # http://www.alomaliye.com/bkk_2002_3769.htm |
2743 |
3058 |
2744 # From Gökdeniz Karadağ (2011-03-10): |
3059 # From Gökdeniz Karadağ (2011-03-10): |
2745 # |
|
2746 # According to the articles linked below, Turkey will change into summer |
3060 # According to the articles linked below, Turkey will change into summer |
2747 # time zone (GMT+3) on March 28, 2011 at 3:00 a.m. instead of March 27. |
3061 # time zone (GMT+3) on March 28, 2011 at 3:00 a.m. instead of March 27. |
2748 # This change is due to a nationwide exam on 27th. |
3062 # This change is due to a nationwide exam on 27th. |
2749 # http://www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=70872 |
3063 # http://www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=70872 |
2750 # Turkish: |
3064 # Turkish: |
2753 # From Faruk Pasin (2014-02-14): |
3067 # From Faruk Pasin (2014-02-14): |
2754 # The DST for Turkey has been changed for this year because of the |
3068 # The DST for Turkey has been changed for this year because of the |
2755 # Turkish Local election.... |
3069 # Turkish Local election.... |
2756 # http://www.sabah.com.tr/Ekonomi/2014/02/12/yaz-saatinde-onemli-degisiklik |
3070 # http://www.sabah.com.tr/Ekonomi/2014/02/12/yaz-saatinde-onemli-degisiklik |
2757 # ... so Turkey will move clocks forward one hour on March 31 at 3:00 a.m. |
3071 # ... so Turkey will move clocks forward one hour on March 31 at 3:00 a.m. |
2758 # From Paul Eggert (2014-02-17): |
3072 # From Randal L. Schwartz (2014-04-15): |
2759 # Here is an English-language source: |
3073 # Having landed on a flight from the states to Istanbul (via AMS) on March 31, |
2760 # http://www.worldbulletin.net/turkey/129016/turkey-switches-to-daylight-saving-time-march-31 |
3074 # I can tell you that NOBODY (even the airlines) respected this timezone DST |
3075 # change delay. Maybe the word just didn't get out in time. |
|
3076 # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-15): |
|
3077 # The press reported massive confusion, as election officials obeyed the rule |
|
3078 # change but cell phones (and airline baggage systems) did not. See: |
|
3079 # Kostidis M. Eventful elections in Turkey. Balkan News Agency |
|
3080 # http://www.balkaneu.com/eventful-elections-turkey/ 2014-03-30. |
|
3081 # I guess the best we can do is document the official time. |
|
2761 |
3082 |
2762 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
3083 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
2763 Rule Turkey 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S |
3084 Rule Turkey 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S |
2764 Rule Turkey 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - |
3085 Rule Turkey 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - |
2765 Rule Turkey 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S |
3086 Rule Turkey 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S |
2846 # abolish the transfer clock to winter time. |
3167 # abolish the transfer clock to winter time. |
2847 # |
3168 # |
2848 # Bill number 8330 of MP from the Party of Regions Oleg Nadoshi got |
3169 # Bill number 8330 of MP from the Party of Regions Oleg Nadoshi got |
2849 # approval from 266 deputies. |
3170 # approval from 266 deputies. |
2850 # |
3171 # |
2851 # Ukraine abolishes transter back to the winter time (in Russian) |
3172 # Ukraine abolishes transfer back to the winter time (in Russian) |
2852 # http://news.mail.ru/politics/6861560/ |
3173 # http://news.mail.ru/politics/6861560/ |
2853 # |
3174 # |
2854 # The Ukrainians will no longer change the clock (in Russian) |
3175 # The Ukrainians will no longer change the clock (in Russian) |
2855 # http://www.segodnya.ua/news/14290482.html |
3176 # http://www.segodnya.ua/news/14290482.html |
2856 # |
3177 # |
2912 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 Jul 1 2:00 |
3233 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 Jul 1 2:00 |
2913 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 3:00 |
3234 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 3:00 |
2914 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995 |
3235 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995 |
2915 2:00 EU EE%sT |
3236 2:00 EU EE%sT |
2916 # Ruthenia used CET 1990/1991. |
3237 # Ruthenia used CET 1990/1991. |
2917 # "Uzhhorod" is the transliteration of the Ukrainian name, but |
3238 # "Uzhhorod" is the transliteration of the Rusyn/Ukrainian pronunciation, but |
2918 # "Uzhgorod" is more common in English. |
3239 # "Uzhgorod" is more common in English. |
2919 Zone Europe/Uzhgorod 1:29:12 - LMT 1890 Oct |
3240 Zone Europe/Uzhgorod 1:29:12 - LMT 1890 Oct |
2920 1:00 - CET 1940 |
3241 1:00 - CET 1940 |
2921 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct |
3242 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct |
2922 1:00 1:00 CEST 1944 Oct 26 |
3243 1:00 1:00 CEST 1944 Oct 26 |
2938 3:00 - MSK 1941 Aug 25 |
3259 3:00 - MSK 1941 Aug 25 |
2939 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1943 Oct 25 |
3260 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1943 Oct 25 |
2940 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00 |
3261 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00 |
2941 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995 |
3262 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995 |
2942 2:00 EU EE%sT |
3263 2:00 EU EE%sT |
2943 # Central Crimea used Moscow time 1994/1997. |
|
2944 Zone Europe/Simferopol 2:16:24 - LMT 1880 |
|
2945 2:16 - SMT 1924 May 2 # Simferopol Mean T |
|
2946 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 |
|
2947 3:00 - MSK 1941 Nov |
|
2948 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Apr 13 |
|
2949 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 |
|
2950 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00 |
|
2951 2:00 - EET 1992 |
|
2952 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): |
|
2953 # The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reports that central Crimea switched |
|
2954 # from Kiev to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections. |
|
2955 # Shanks (1999) says "date of change uncertain", but implies that it happened |
|
2956 # sometime between the 1994 DST switches. Shanks & Pottenger simply say |
|
2957 # 1994-09-25 03:00, but that can't be right. For now, guess it |
|
2958 # changed in May. |
|
2959 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1994 May |
|
2960 # From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also says that Kerch is still like Kiev. |
|
2961 3:00 E-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 3:00s |
|
2962 3:00 1:00 MSD 1996 Oct 27 3:00s |
|
2963 # IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Crimea switched to EET/EEST. |
|
2964 # Assume it happened in March by not changing the clocks. |
|
2965 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1997 |
|
2966 3:00 - MSK 1997 Mar lastSun 1:00u |
|
2967 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-03-17): |
|
2968 # time change at 2:00 (2am) on March 30, 2014 |
|
2969 # http://vz.ru/news/2014/3/17/677464.html |
|
2970 # From Paul Eggert (2014-03-30): |
|
2971 # Simferopol and Sevastopol reportedly changed their central town clocks |
|
2972 # late the previous day, but this appears to have been ceremonial |
|
2973 # and the discrepancies are small enough to not worry about. |
|
2974 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 2:00 |
|
2975 4:00 - MSK |
|
2976 |
3264 |
2977 # Vatican City |
3265 # Vatican City |
2978 # See Europe/Rome. |
3266 # See Europe/Rome. |
2979 |
3267 |
2980 ############################################################################### |
3268 ############################################################################### |
3002 # 'Apr firstSun', and not on 'Mar lastSun' as in the following |
3290 # 'Apr firstSun', and not on 'Mar lastSun' as in the following |
3003 # years... |
3291 # years... |
3004 # But also since 1981 there are some more national exceptions |
3292 # But also since 1981 there are some more national exceptions |
3005 # than listed in 'europe': Switzerland, for example, joined DST |
3293 # than listed in 'europe': Switzerland, for example, joined DST |
3006 # one year later, Denmark ended DST on 'Oct 1' instead of 'Sep |
3294 # one year later, Denmark ended DST on 'Oct 1' instead of 'Sep |
3007 # lastSun' in 1981---I don't know how they handle now. |
3295 # lastSun' in 1981 - I don't know how they handle now. |
3008 # |
3296 # |
3009 # Finally, DST ist always from 'Apr 1' to 'Oct 1' in the |
3297 # Finally, DST ist always from 'Apr 1' to 'Oct 1' in the |
3010 # Soviet Union (as far as I know). |
3298 # Soviet Union (as far as I know). |
3011 # |
3299 # |
3012 # Tom Hofmann, Scientific Computer Center, CIBA-GEIGY AG, |
3300 # Tom Hofmann, Scientific Computer Center, CIBA-GEIGY AG, |